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      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *snarhǭ</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_snarhǭ</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_s_nerk" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*(s)nerk-</orth>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_snarho" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/snarhǭ">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>snarhǭ</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈsnɑr.xɔ̃ː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᚾᚨᚱᚺᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ōn-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>loop; sling; noose</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Traditionally taken to be from a Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_nerk"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_nerk">*(s)nerk-</ref></mentioned> (‘to wind up, contract’), which may further stem from a root *(s)ner- (‘to wrap; wind; lace; shrink; shrivel’); however, this is disputed, likely due to paucity of attested descendants as well as the divergent semantics of said descendants. Orel does not mention this theory, and instead marks the origin of the word and its relatives within Germanic as isolated and unknown.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>snarhǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>snarhōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>snarhōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>snarhōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>snarhōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>snarhōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>snarhōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>snarhōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>snarhōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>snarhōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>snarhǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>snarhōniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snarhā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>snara</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>snare, snaer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>snaar</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>snaar</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Caribbean Javanese</lang>
                          <orth>senar</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Indonesian</lang>
                          <orth>senar</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snarhā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>sneare, snearu</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>snare, snaare, snarr, snarre</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>snare</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>snare</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snarhā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*snare</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Snoare</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>snaar</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snarhā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>snarha, snaraha, snarahha, snaracha</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>snare</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Schnarre</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snarhā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*snarha, *snara, snari, *sneri, *snarhijǭ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>snar, snare, snere</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Snaar</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Polabian</lang>
                        <orth>snör</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>snara</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>snara</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>snara</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>snare</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>snara</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>snaræ</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>snare</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>snara</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>snara, snæra</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>snara</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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