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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *snerkaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_snerkaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_s_nerg" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*(s)nerg-</orth>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_snerkana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/snerkaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>snerkaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈsner.kɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᚾᛖᚱᚲᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 3</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to shrink; shrivel; contract</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_nerg"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_s_nerg">*(s)nerg-</ref></mentioned>, *(s)nerk- (‘to turn; wind; lace; shrink; shrivel’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>snerkō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>snerkaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>snerkai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>snirkizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>snerkaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>snerk</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>snerkazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>snerkaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>snirkidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>snerkai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>snerkadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>snerkadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>snerkaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>snerkōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>snerkaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>snerkadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>snerkaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>snerkadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>snerkamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>snerkaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>snerkandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>snerkaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>snirkid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>snerkaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>snirkid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>snerkandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>snerkaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>snerkandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>snerkain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>snerkandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>snerkandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>snerkaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>snark</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>snurkį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>snarht</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>snurkīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>snark</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>snurkī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>snurkū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>snurkīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>snurkudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>snurkīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>snurkum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>snurkīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>snurkud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>snurkīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>snurkun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>snurkīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>snerkandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>snurkanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>snerkaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snerkan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*sneorcan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old English</lang>
                      <orth>ġesneorcan</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle English</lang>
                        <orth>*snerchen, snarchen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*snerka</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>snorkinn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>snerka, snerke</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>snorkin</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*snerka</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>*snirken, snorkil</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>snirk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*snorkinn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>snorkinn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>snerka, snerke</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>snorkin</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*snorkinn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>*snirken, snorkil</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>snirk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>snorkil</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>snorkinn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>snerka, snerke</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>snorkin</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>snorkil</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>*snirken, snorkil</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>snirk</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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