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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *snuzō</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_snuzō</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_snusos" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*snusós</orth>
          <def>daughter-in-law</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_nurus" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>nurus</orth>
          <def>daughter-in-law; granddaughter-in-law; young married woman, young lady</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sla-x-proto_sn_xa" xml:lang="sla-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*snъxa</orth>
          <def>daughter-in-law</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_snuzo" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/snuzō">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>snuzō</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈsnu.zɔː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᚾᚢᛉᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ō-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>daughter-in-law</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_snusos"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_snusos">*snusós</ref></mentioned> (‘daughter-in-law’). The remaking to an ō-stem (for an expected a-stem) is linked to the disappearance of feminine thematic stems in Germanic. Compare Proto-Slavic <mentioned xml:lang="sla-x-proto" target="#cog_sla-x-proto_sn_xa"><ref target="#cog_sla-x-proto_sn_xa">*snъxa</ref></mentioned> (formally identical; both possibly from Proto-Indo-European *snuséh₂) and Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_nurus"><ref target="#cog_lat_nurus">nurus</ref></mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="gmw-x-proto"> </mentioned>(remade as a u-stem, although compare proscribed nura).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>snuzō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>snuzôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>snuzǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>snuzōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>snuzōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>snuzǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>snuzōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>snuzōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>snuzō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>snuzōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>snuzō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>snuzôz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snuʀu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*snura</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>snore, snoere, snare</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>snaar, snoer</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snuʀu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>snoru</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>snore</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snuʀu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>snore</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>snoar</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snuʀu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>snura</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>snuor, snur</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Schnuer</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Schnur</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Schnauer</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>שנור (shnur)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*snuʀu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*snura, *snora</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>snare, snāre, snōre, snōr</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                        <orth>snōreke, snǖreke, snorche, snoirche, snurche, snurghe</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>snor</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>snör</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>snør</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>snör</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Crimean Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>schuos</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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