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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *stadiz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_stadiz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_stasis" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>στάσις</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>stásis</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_steh2tis" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*stéh₂tis</orth>
          <def>standing, position</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_stadiz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stadiz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>stadiz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈstɑ.ðiz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᛏᚨᛞᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">i-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>place, location</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_steh2tis"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_steh2tis">*stéh₂tis</ref></mentioned> (‘standing, position’). Cognate with Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_stasis"><ref target="#cog_grc_stasis">στάσις</ref></mentioned> (stásis). Equivalent to *stāną + *-þiz. Piecewise doublet of *stassiz.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>stadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>stadīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>stadį</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>stadinz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>stadīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>stadjǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>stadī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>stadimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>stadī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>stadimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>stadi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>stadīz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>stat, stedi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>stat, stede</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>stad, stede, stee</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>stede</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>stede, stad, sted, stedd, stedde, steed, steede, steyd, stid, stide, styd, stydde, styde, steode, stoede, stud, stude, stode</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>stead</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>steid, sted</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>stede</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>?</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Steede, Stääd</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>stêd</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>stat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Stådt</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>śtaod</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>stat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Stadt</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                          <orth>Statt, xtat</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>Stad</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>stat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Stadt, Statt, Stätte</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                          <orth>Stat</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>stat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                        <orth>stat, stāt</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German Low German</lang>
                          <orth>Stadt</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>stat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Stadt</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Pennsylvania German</lang>
                          <orth>Schtadt, Schtedt</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stat</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>stat</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>שטאָט (shtot), שטעטל (shtetl)</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>English</lang>
                          <orth>shtetl</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stadi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>stedi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>stēde</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Steed, Stee</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Städ</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᛊᛏᚨᛞᛁᛉ (stadiʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>staðr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                      <orth>stað</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>stað, staður</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>staður</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norn</lang>
                      <orth>sta</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>stad, stad’e</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᛊᛏᚨᛞᛁᛉ (stadiʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>staðr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                      <orth>stath, stæth</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scanian</lang>
                        <orth>stað</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᛊᛏᚨᛞᛁᛉ (stadiʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>staðr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                      <orth>stath, stæth</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>stad, sted</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                          <orth>stad, sted</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᛊᛏᚨᛞᛁᛉ (stadiʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>staðr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Gutnish</lang>
                      <orth>steþr</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                        <orth>städ</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᛊᛏᚨᛞᛁᛉ (stadiʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>staðr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>staþer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>stad</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Finnish</lang>
                          <orth>Stadi</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃 (staþs)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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