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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *stōraz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_stōraz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_steh2_u_ro_s_x2" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*steh₂-u-ro-s</orth>
          <def>large, big, thick; old</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_storas" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>stóras</orth>
          <def>thick</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_sthura" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>स्थूर</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>sthūrá</orth>
          </form>
          <def>big, strong, thick, massy</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sla-x-proto_star" xml:lang="sla-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*starъ</orth>
          <def>old</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_storaz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stōraz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>stōraz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈstɔː.rɑz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛊᛏᛟᚱᚨᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>big, large</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>strong</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_steh2_u_ro_s_x2"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_steh2_u_ro_s_x2">*steh₂-u-ro-s</ref></mentioned> (‘large, big, thick; old’), from *steh₂- (‘to stand up’). Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_sthura"><ref target="#cog_san_sthura">स्थूर</ref></mentioned> (sthūrá, ‘big, strong, thick, massy’), Old Armenian ստուար (stuar, ‘fat’), Proto-Slavic <mentioned xml:lang="sla-x-proto" target="#cog_sla-x-proto_star"><ref target="#cog_sla-x-proto_star">*starъ</ref></mentioned> (‘old’), Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_storas"><ref target="#cog_lit_storas">stóras</ref></mentioned> (‘thick’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōraz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōrą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōrai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōrôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōranǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōrǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōrą, -atō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōranz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōrōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōras, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōraizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōras, -is</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōraizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōraizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōraizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōrammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōraizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōrammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōraimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōraimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōraimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōranō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōraizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōranō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>stōraimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>stōraimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>stōraimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōrô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōraniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōranų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōranunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōriniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōriniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōranǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōranǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōrini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōrammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōrinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>stōrammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>stōrōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>stōrammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stōr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stūr, stūri, stiuri</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>stōri</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stōr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>stōr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>store, stoor, stour, stur</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>stoor, stour</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>stour, stoure, sture, stoor, stoar</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stōr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>stōr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>stor</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>stoer</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stōrī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>stūr, stūri, stiuri</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>stōri</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stōrī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>stōr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>store, stoor, stour, stur</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>stoor, stour</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>stour, stoure, sture, stoor, stoar</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*stōrī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>stōr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>stor</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>stoer</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>stórr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>stur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>stórur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>stäur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>stór</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norn</lang>
                    <orth>stur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>stor, stór’u, stór’e</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>stórr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>stor</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>stor</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>stórr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>stōr, stur</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>stor</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Samic</lang>
                  <orth>*stuorēs</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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