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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *teuhaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_teuhaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_dewk" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*dewk-</orth>
          <def>to draw, pull</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_teuhana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/teuhaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>teuhaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈteu̯.xɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛏᛖᚢᚺᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to lead</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to pull behind oneself, draw, drag</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dewk"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dewk">*dewk-</ref></mentioned> (‘to pull, lead’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>teuhō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>teuhaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>teuhai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tiuhizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>teuhaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>teuh</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>teuhazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>teuhaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tiuhidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>teuhai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>teuhadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>teuhadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>teuhaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>teuhōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>teuhaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>teuhadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>teuhaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>teuhadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>teuhamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>teuhaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>teuhandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>teuhaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tiuhid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>teuhaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tiuhid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>teuhandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>teuhaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>teuhandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>teuhain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>teuhandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>teuhandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>teuhaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>tauh</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>tugį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tauht</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tugīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tauh</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tugī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>tugū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>tugīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>tugudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>tugīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tugum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tugīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tugud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tugīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tugun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tugīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>teuhandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>tuganaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>teuhaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*teuhan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>tian</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>tiën</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>tijgen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*teuhan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>tēon, tīon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>teen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>tee</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*teuhan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>tiān</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>tja</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>tsjen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*teuhan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>ziohan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>ziehen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>zieh, züha</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>zahn, zaan, ziagen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>ziehen</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                        <orth>ziehe</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>zéien</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>ציִען (tsien)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*teuhan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>tiohan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>tên</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>tiehen, tehen, tehn, teen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍄𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 (tiuhan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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