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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *tibrą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-03"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_tibrą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_deipnon" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>δεῖπνον</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>deîpnon</orth>
          </form>
          <def>meal, dinner</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_dipro" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*dipró-</orth>
          <def>sacrificial animal</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_tibra" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tibrą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>tibrą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈti.βrɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛏᛁᛒᚱᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>sacrifice, offering</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dipro"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dipro">*dipró-</ref></mentioned> (‘sacrificial animal’), from Proto-Indo-European *deyp-. Compare Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_deipnon"><ref target="#cog_grc_deipnon">δεῖπνον</ref></mentioned> (deîpnon, ‘meal, dinner’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>tibrą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>tibrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>tibrą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>tibrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>tibras, tibris</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>tibrǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>tibrai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>tibramaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>tibrō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>tibramiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>tibrą</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>tibrō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tibr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Lombardic</lang>
                    <orth>ziber</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>tiber, tifer</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old French</lang>
                    <orth>toivre</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tibr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zebar</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>ziber, zifer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Ziefer</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tibr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zebar</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>ziber, zifer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                        <orth>unziber, unzifer, ungezibere, ungeziber</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>Unziefer</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tībr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Lombardic</lang>
                    <orth>ziber</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>tiber, tifer</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old French</lang>
                    <orth>toivre</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tībr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zebar</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>ziber, zifer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Ziefer</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tībr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zebar</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>ziber, zifer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                        <orth>unziber, unzifer, ungezibere, ungeziber</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German</lang>
                          <orth>Unziefer</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>tífurr</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>tívurr</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍂 (aibr)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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