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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *tinnaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_tinnaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_daio" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>δαίω</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>daíō</orth>
          </form>
          <def>to kindle</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_deh2w" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*deh₂w-</orth>
          <def>kindle, burn</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_tinnana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tinnaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>tinnaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈtin.nɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛏᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 3</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to burn</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Pre-Germanic *dendʰ-n-e-ti, from a Germanic root with quasi-Indo-European *dendʰ- (‘to burn, kindle’), of unclear ultimate origin, as solid cognates outside of Germanic are lacking. Osthoff suggests Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_deh2w"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_deh2w">*deh₂w-</ref></mentioned> (‘kindle, burn’) (compare Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_daio"><ref target="#cog_grc_daio">δαίω</ref></mentioned> (daíō, ‘to kindle’)), but Pokorny rejects this.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>tinnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>tinnaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>tinnai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tinnizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tinnaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tinn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tinnazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tinnaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tinnidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tinnai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tinnadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tinnadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tinnaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>tinnōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>tinnaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>tinnadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>tinnaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>tinnadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tinnamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tinnaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tinnandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tinnaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tinnid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tinnaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tinnid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tinnandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tinnaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tinnandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tinnain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tinnandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tinnandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tinnaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>tann</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>tunnį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tannt</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>tunnīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tann</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>tunnī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>tunnū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>tunnīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>tunnudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>tunnīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tunnum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>tunnīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tunnud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>tunnīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tunnun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>tunnīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>tinnandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>tunnanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>tinnaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tinnan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>tinnan</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*tinnan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*zinnan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>zinnen, zinden</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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