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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *twai</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_twai</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_dwoh1" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*dwóh₁</orth>
          <def>two</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_twai" type="numeral" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twai">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>twai</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈtwɑi̯</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᛏᚹᚨᛁ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>numeral</pos>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>two</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dwoh1"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_dwoh1">*dwóh₁</ref></mentioned> (‘two’) with plural suffix *-i. Compare *þai (‘they, those’), from demonstrative root *þa-.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>twēne, twē</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>twee, twe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>twee</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>twee</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>twēġen, twā, tū</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>tweye, tweyne, two</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>twa, twae</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>twye</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>twēġen, twā, tū</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>tweye, tweyne, two</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>two</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Solombala English</lang>
                          <orth>ту (tu)</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>twēne, twā</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>tou</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>twäin, two</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>twa</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zwēne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>zwēne, zwō, zwei</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>zwei, zwe, zwo, zwöi, zwee, zwa, zwoi, zwea, zwuo</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>zwej</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>zwei, zwo, zween</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>cwē</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>צוויי (tsvey)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zwēne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>zwēne, zwō, zwei</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>zwoa, zwo</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Mòcheno</lang>
                          <orth>zboa</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zwēne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>zwēne, zwō, zwei</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>zwoa, zwo</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                          <orth>?</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Luserna</lang>
                            <orth>zboa</orth>
                          </form>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Sette Comuni</lang>
                            <orth>sbéen, sbòa</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zwēne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>zwēne, zwō, zwei</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>zwei, zwien, zwo, zwu</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                          <orth>zweu</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>zwéin, zwou, zwee</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>zwēne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>zwēne, zwō, zwei</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Pennsylvania German</lang>
                          <orth>zwee</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*twai-</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>twēne, twēna, twō, twā, twē</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>twê, twî</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>twee</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>twee</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>tveir</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Dalian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>tveir</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>tweir</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>tveir</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>tvó, tó, två, tveir</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>tvo, to, tvei</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>twēr</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>tveir</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>twā, two, to</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>to</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>to</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                          <orth>to</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>tveir</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>tvēr, twē, tvā</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>två</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹 (twai)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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