<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *umbiganganą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_umbiganganą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_umbigangana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/umbiganganą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>umbiganganą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˌum.bi.ˈɣɑŋ.ɡɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚢᛗᛒᛁᚷᚨᚾᚷᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 7c</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to go about, go around</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *umbi + *ganganą.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>umbigang</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>umbigangaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>umbigangōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>umbigangaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>umbigangadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>umbigangaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>umbigangadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>umbigangaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>umbigegang</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>umbigegangį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>umbigeganht</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>umbigegangīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>umbigegang</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>umbigegangī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>umbigegangū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>umbigegangīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>umbigegangudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>umbigegangīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>umbigegangum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>umbigegangīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>umbigegangud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>umbigegangīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>umbigegangun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>umbigegangīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>umbigangandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>umbiganganaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>umbiganganą</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old English</lang>
                  <orth>ymbgangan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>umgangen, umbegangen</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>*umbigangan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>*ümmegān</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German Low German</lang>
                      <orth>ümgahn</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*umbigangan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>ommegān</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>omgaan</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>umbigangan</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ganga um</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
