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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *untriwwiz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_untriwwiz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_untriwwiz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/untriwwiz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>untriwwiz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈun.ˌtriw.wiz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚢᚾᛏᚱᛁᚹᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">i-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>untrue, disloyal, unfaithful</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *un- + *triwwiz.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwį, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwį, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijas, untriwwīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijas, untriwwīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>untriwwijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>untriwwijammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*untriuwī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*untriuwi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>ontrouwe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>ontrouw</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*untriuwī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>untrīewe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>untrewe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>untrue</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*untriuwī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>untriūwe</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>ûntrou</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*untriuwī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*untriuwi, urtriuwi, ungitriuwi</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>untriuwe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>untreu</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>ótryggr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>utryg</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ótryggur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ótryggur</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>útryggr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>utryg</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>ótryggur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>ótryggur</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐌿𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐍃 (untriggws)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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