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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wambō</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wambō</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wambo" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wambō">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wambō</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwɑm.bɔː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᚨᛗᛒᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ō-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>belly, stomach, abdomen</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>womb</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Disputed; two competing hypotheses are:</seg>
            <seg type="p">The latter etymology assumes that Germanic *w is the expected outcome of PIE *gʷʰ, but this is debated; see *warmaz for discussion.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>wambō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>wambôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>wambǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>wambōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>wambōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>wambǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>wambōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>wambōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>wambō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>wambōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>wambō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>wambôz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wamme, womme</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Frankish</lang>
                    <orth>*wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>wambāsium, wambōsium</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old French</lang>
                        <orth>wambais, gambais, wambison, gambison, gambeison</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                          <orth>gambesōnem</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                          <orth>wambois, wambōs, wambūs, wambes, wammes, wams</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Occitan</lang>
                          <orth>gambais</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Old Galician-Portuguese</lang>
                          <orth>canbas</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Old Spanish</lang>
                          <orth>gambax</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Frankish</lang>
                    <orth>*wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>wambāsium, wambōsium</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old French</lang>
                        <orth>wambais, gambais, wambison, gambison, gambeison</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>wambaes, wambeis, wambois, wambuus, wammes</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Dutch</lang>
                            <orth>wambuis, wammes</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Frankish</lang>
                    <orth>*wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>wambāsium, wambōsium</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old French</lang>
                        <orth>wambais, gambais, wambison, gambison, gambeison</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Middle English</lang>
                          <orth>gambeson, gambison</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>English</lang>
                            <orth>gambeson, gambison</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Frankish</lang>
                    <orth>*wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Medieval Latin</lang>
                      <orth>wambāsium, wambōsium</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old French</lang>
                        <orth>wambais, gambais, wambison, gambison, gambeison</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                          <orth>wambeis</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>German</lang>
                            <orth>Wams</orth>
                            <form type="descendant">
                              <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                              <orth>Wams</orth>
                            </form>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wamme, wam</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>wam</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wamb, womb</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>wombe, uombe, womb, wome, woombe, wompe, wamb, wame, wambe</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>womb</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>wame, wam</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>wambe, wampe, wamme</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Wampn</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>wambe, wampe, wamme</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Wamme, Wampe</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                          <orth>Wampe</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wambu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>wamba</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wamme</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Wamme</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vǫmb</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>uomb</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>vomb</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>vamb</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>vömb</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Jamtish</lang>
                    <orth>vamb</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>vom</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>vom</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vǫmb</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>wāmb</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>vom</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scanian</lang>
                      <orth>vám</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vǫmb</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>vāmb</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>våm</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌱𐌰 (wamba)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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