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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wanduz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wanduz_1</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_grc_ionthos" xml:lang="grc" type="cognate">
          <orth>ἴονθος</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>íonthos</orth>
          </form>
          <def>hair root</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_wendh" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*wendʰ-</orth>
          <def>to turn, wind, braid</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wanduz_1" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wanduz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wanduz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwɑn.duz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᚨᚾᛞᚢᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>mole (animal)</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>vole</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Likely from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_wendh"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_wendh">*wendʰ-</ref></mentioned> (‘to turn, twist, wind, braid’), with Orel comparing Ancient Greek <mentioned xml:lang="grc" target="#cog_grc_ionthos"><ref target="#cog_grc_ionthos">ἴονθος</ref></mentioned> (íonthos, ‘hair root’), Middle Irish find (‘hair’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>wanduz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>wandiwiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>wandų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>wandunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>wandauz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>wandiwǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>wandiwi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>wandumaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>wandū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>wandumiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>wandu</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>wandiwiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wandu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wand, wond</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old English</lang>
                      <orth>wandeweorpe</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wandu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wand, wond</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>wont, wonte, wontt, woont</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>want</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>want</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wandu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*wand, *wanda</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>*want, *wande</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                        <orth>vånd, vond, moldvond</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wandu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*wand, *wanda</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>*want, *wande</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>vand, vann, vanne</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Swedish</lang>
                          <orth>mullvann</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wandu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*wand, *wanda</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                      <orth>wandawerpa, wandwerpa</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                        <orth>windeworp, winneworp</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German Low German</lang>
                          <orth>Windworp, Winneworp, Windwurm</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Low German</lang>
                          <orth>wond, wonne</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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