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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wankōną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wankōną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_weng" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*weng-</orth>
          <def>to bow, be bent</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_vengti" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>véngti</orth>
          <def>to swerve, avoid</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_vangati" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>वङ्गति</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>vaṅgati</orth>
          </form>
          <def>to limp, walk</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wankona" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wankōną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wankōną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwɑŋ.kɔː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᚨᚾᚲᛟᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to sway, to waver</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">According to Kroonen, a nasal-infixed derivative from the verb *weganą (‘to move’). Orel prefers a connection to *wenkjanana, which he derives from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_weng"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_weng">*weng-</ref></mentioned> (‘to bow, bend’), and compares to Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_vangati"><ref target="#cog_san_vangati">वङ्गति</ref></mentioned> (vaṅgati, ‘to limp, walk’), Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_vengti"><ref target="#cog_lit_vengti">véngti</ref></mentioned> (‘to swerve, avoid’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wankō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wankǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wankōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wankōsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wankōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wankō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wankōsai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wankōsau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wankōþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wankō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wankōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wankōþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wankōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wankōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wankōw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wankōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wankōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wankōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wankōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wankōm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wankōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wankōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wankōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wankōn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wankōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wankōdǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wankōdēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wankōdēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wankōdēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wankōdē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wankōdēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>wankōdēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>wankōdēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>wankōdēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>wankōdēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wankōdēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wankōdēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wankōdēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wankōdēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wankōdēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wankōdēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>wankōndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>wankōdaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>wankōną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wankōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*wancon</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wanken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>wanken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wankōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*wankia, *wonkia</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>wonkje</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>wankje</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wankōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wankōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>wanken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>wanken</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wankōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>wankōn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wanken</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>vanke</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>wanken</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>vanke</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                        <orth>vanka</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>vanka</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vakka</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>vakka</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>vakka</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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