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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *watōr</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_watōr</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wator" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/watōr">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>watōr</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwɑ.tɔːr</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᚨᛏᛟᚱ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">irregular</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>water</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *wédōr ~ *wednés, leveled collective of *wódr̥ ~ *udéns (‘water’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>watōr</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>watnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>watōr</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>watnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>watiniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>watnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>watini</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>watnamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>watinē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>watnamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>watōr</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>watnō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>watar, water, watir</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wāter</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>water</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>West Flemish</lang>
                        <orth>woater</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>watar, water, watir</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wāter</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>water</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>water</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Javindo</lang>
                          <orth>water</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>watu, water, waeter</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Petjo</lang>
                          <orth>watter</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Skepi Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>water</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Sranan Tongo</lang>
                          <orth>watra</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wæter</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>water, watere, watir, waterre</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>water</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Geordie</lang>
                        <orth>watter, wetter</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>watter</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>waudher, wadher</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>weter, water, wetir</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>?</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Woater</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>wetter</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>waȥȥar, waȥar, waȥȥer, wasȥer</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>waȥȥer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Wasser, Wâser</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Wåsser, Wossa</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Wasser</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>wosser, woser</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>וואַסער (vaser)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>waȥȥar, waȥar, waȥȥer, wasȥer</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>waȥȥer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Wasser, Waßer</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                          <orth>Wasser</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>Waasser</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Transylvanian Saxon</lang>
                          <orth>Wåsser, Wosser, Wauesser</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>waȥȥar, waȥar, waȥȥer, wasȥer</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>waȥȥer</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Wasser</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Unserdeutsch</lang>
                          <orth>Wasser</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*watar</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>watar</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wāter</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch Low Saxon</lang>
                        <orth>water</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Water</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Wota</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vatn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>wattn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>vatn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>vattn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>vatn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norn</lang>
                    <orth>vatn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Scanian</lang>
                    <orth>vann</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vatn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>watn, wan, wand</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>vand</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>vann</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vatr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>wattn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>vatn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>vattn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>vatn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norn</lang>
                    <orth>vatn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Scanian</lang>
                    <orth>vann</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vatr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>watn, wan, wand</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>vand</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>vann</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (watō)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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