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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wela</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wela</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_welh1" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*welh₁-</orth>
          <def>to choose, to want</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_san_vara" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>वर</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>vára</orth>
          </form>
          <def>better, best</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wela" type="adverb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wela">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wela</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwe.lɑ</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᛖᛚᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adverb</pos>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>well (in a good manner)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Probably from earlier *welat, neuter accusative to an unattested adjective *welaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_welh1"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_welh1">*welh₁-</ref></mentioned> (‘to want’). Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_vara"><ref target="#cog_san_vara">वर</ref></mentioned> (vára, ‘better, best’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old English</lang>
                  <orth>wel</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>wel, well, weel, weele, wele, welle, wulle, wille, wal, wol</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>well</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Geordie</lang>
                      <orth>weel</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scots</lang>
                      <orth>weel, wele, weil, weill</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Yola</lang>
                      <orth>waal, wull, well, wel, vella</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                  <orth>wel</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wel, weil, wal</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wul, wäil</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wol</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                  <orth>wal</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wel, weil, wal</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wul, wäil</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wol</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                  <orth>wol</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wel, weil, wal</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wul, wäil</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wol</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>wela</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>wole, wol, wal</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wol, wull</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>wel</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>wole, wol, wal</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wol, wull</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>wala</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>wole, wol, wal</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wol, wull</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>wola</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>wole, wol, wal</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wol, wull</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>wela</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                      <orth>wèl, waal</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>wela</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Kwinti</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Skepi Creole Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>wala</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                      <orth>wèl, waal</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>wala</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Kwinti</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Skepi Creole Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>wel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>wola</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>wol, wole</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                      <orth>bóol, boll</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German</lang>
                      <orth>wohl</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                      <orth>wuel</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                      <orth>ווויל (voyl)</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>wela</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>wol, wole</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                      <orth>bóol, boll</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German</lang>
                      <orth>wohl</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                      <orth>wuel</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                      <orth>ווויל (voyl)</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vel</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>væl</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>vel</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>vel</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vel</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>væl</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>vel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>vel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vel</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>væl, val</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>väl</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 (waila)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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