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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *werganą</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_werganą</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_urgeo" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>urgeō</orth>
          <def>to press, push</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lit_verzti" xml:lang="lit" type="cognate">
          <orth>ver̃žti</orth>
          <def>to tighten, string</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_sla-x-proto_povorz" xml:lang="sla-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*povorzъ</orth>
          <def>cord, rope</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wergana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/werganą">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>werganą</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwer.ɣɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᛖᚱᚷᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 3</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to strangle</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *wérǵʰ-e-, from *werǵʰ- (‘to bind, squeeze’). Cognate with Lithuanian <mentioned xml:lang="lit" target="#cog_lit_verzti"><ref target="#cog_lit_verzti">ver̃žti</ref></mentioned> (‘to tighten, string’), Proto-Slavic <mentioned xml:lang="sla-x-proto" target="#cog_sla-x-proto_povorz"><ref target="#cog_sla-x-proto_povorz">*povorzъ</ref></mentioned> (‘cord, rope’), as well as perhaps Albanian vjerdh (‘to instill, bring close’), Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_urgeo"><ref target="#cog_lat_urgeo">urgeō</ref></mentioned> (‘to press, push’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wergō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wergaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wergai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wirgizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wergaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>werg</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wergazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wergaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wirgidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wergai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wergadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wergadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wergaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wergōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wergaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wergadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wergaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wergadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wergamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wergaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wergandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wergaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wirgid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wergaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wirgid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wergandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wergaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wergandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wergain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wergandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wergandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wergaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>warg</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wurgį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>warht</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wurgīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>warg</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wurgī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>wurgū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>wurgīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>wurgudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>wurgīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wurgum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wurgīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wurgud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wurgīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wurgun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wurgīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>wergandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>wurganaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>werganą</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                  <orth>*wergen</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                  <orth>erwergen</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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