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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wikǭ</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wikǭ</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_weyg" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*weyg-</orth>
          <def>to bend, wind, turn, yield</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wiko" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wikǭ">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wikǭ</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwi.kɔ̃ː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᛁᚲᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ōn-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>sequence</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>week</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_weyg"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_weyg">*weyg-</ref></mentioned> (‘to bend, wind, turn, yield’), with semantic shift "to bend, give way" &gt; "to shift" &gt; "sequence, week". See also *wīkwaną (‘to yield, retreat’). The concept of a week was borrowed by the Germanic peoples from the Romans around the 1st century.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>wikǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>wikōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>wikōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>wikōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>wikōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>wikōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>wikōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>wikōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>wikōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>wikōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>wikǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>wikōniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*wica</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wēke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>waek</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*wica</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wēke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>week</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>week</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Berbice Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>weki</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Jersey Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>wêk</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Lokono</lang>
                          <orth>wiki</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>week</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*wica</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wēke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>week</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Sranan Tongo</lang>
                          <orth>wiki</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Aukan</lang>
                            <orth>wiki</orth>
                          </form>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Saramaccan</lang>
                            <orth>wíki</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wiċe, wicu, wucu, wuce, wieċe, weoce</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>wyke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yola</lang>
                        <orth>wick, wik</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wiċe, wicu, wucu, wuce, wieċe, weoce</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>wyke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>week</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Maori</lang>
                          <orth>wiki</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Swahili</lang>
                          <orth>wiki</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wiċe, wicu, wucu, wuce, wieċe, weoce</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>wyke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>week</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Middle Scots</lang>
                          <orth>weik</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Scots</lang>
                            <orth>week</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wiċe, wicu, wucu, wuce, wieċe, weoce</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>wyke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle Scots</lang>
                        <orth>wouk, ouk</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Scots</lang>
                          <orth>ouk</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wike</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>North Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>?</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Wíek</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>wike</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wëhha, wëcha, wohha, wocha</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>woche, wuche, wëche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Woche</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>woch</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>וואָך (vokh)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wëhha, wëcha, wohha, wocha</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>woche, wuche, wëche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Italian Walser</lang>
                          <orth>bòchò, wuchu, wucha, wucchu</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wëhha, wëcha, wohha, wocha</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>woche, wuche, wëche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Woch, Wocha, Wochn</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Cimbrian</lang>
                          <orth>bòcha, boch</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Mòcheno</lang>
                          <orth>boch</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wëhha, wëcha, wohha, wocha</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>woche, wuche, wëche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Woch, Wech, Wääch</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Hunsrik</lang>
                          <orth>Woch</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                          <orth>Woch</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wëhha, wëcha, wohha, wocha</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>woche, wuche, wëche</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Pennsylvania German</lang>
                          <orth>Woch</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wikā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>wika</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wēke</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Week</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Wäakj</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>wiku, wikå</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>vika</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>vika</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Jamtish</lang>
                    <orth>vuku</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norn</lang>
                    <orth>voga</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>veke, vika, viku, vyku, vuku, væka, vekke, vikke</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>uka, uku, wiku</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Scanian</lang>
                      <orth>uga</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>uka, uku, wiku</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>uge</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                        <orth>uke, uge, uga</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>wika</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                      <orth>vike, vika, viku, vikå</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vika</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>vika</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>vecka</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌹𐌺𐍉 (wikō)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Samic</lang>
                  <orth>*vëkkō</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*viikko</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
