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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wulaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wulaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_welh" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*welH-</orth>
          <def>to turn, wind</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wulana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wulaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wulaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwu.lɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᚢᛚᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 4</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to well up, boil</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Pre-Germanic *wl̥H-, a zero-grade present from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_welh"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_welh">*welH-</ref></mentioned> (‘to roll, undulate’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wulō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wulaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wulai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wulizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wulaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wul</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wulazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wulaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wulidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wulai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wuladau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wuladai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wulaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wulōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wulaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wuladiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wulaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wuladiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wulamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wulaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wulandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wulaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wulid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wulaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wulid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wulandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wulaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wulandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wulain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wulandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wulandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wulaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wal</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wulį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>walt</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wulīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wal</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wulī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>wulū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>wulīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>wuludiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>wulīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wulum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wulīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wulud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wulīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wulun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wulīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>wulandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>wulanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>wulaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽 (wulan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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