<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wulþuz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wulþuz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_wel" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*wel-</orth>
          <def>to see</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wulthuz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wulþuz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wulþuz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwul.θuz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᚢᛚᚦᚢᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>glory</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Pre-Germanic *wl̥tus, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_wel"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_wel">*wel-</ref></mentioned> (‘to see’) + *-tus. Cognate with Latin vultus, voltus.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>wulþuz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>wulþiwiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>wulþų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>wulþunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>wulþauz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>wulþiwǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>wulþiwi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>wulþumaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>wulþū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>wulþumiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>wulþu</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>wulþiwiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚹᚢᛚᚦᚢᛉ (*wulþuʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                    <orth>ᛟᚹᛚᚦᚢᚦᛖᚹᚨᛉ (owlþuþewaʀ)</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>*ᚹᚢᛚᚦᚢᛉ (*wulþuʀ)</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>Ullr</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>Ullur</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Latin</lang>
                      <orth>Ollerus</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>Ull</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>Ull</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌿𐍃 (wulþus)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Vandalic</lang>
                  <orth>*wulþ</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
