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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wēniz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wēniz_2</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_weniz_2" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wēniz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wēniz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwɛː.niz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᛖᚾᛁᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">i-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>likely, to be expected</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>promising, hopeful</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Possible vṛddhi gerundive of unattested *wenaną (‘to be accustomed to, expect’), from Proto-Indo-European *wénh₁-e-ti, from *wenh₁- (‘to love’). Orel however considers the word to be an adjectival derivative of the noun sense in Etymology 2, though ultimately traces the word back to *wenh₁- regardless.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnį, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnį, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijas, wēnīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijas, wēnīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>wēnijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnijaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnijanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnijanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>wēnijammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>wēnijōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>wēnijammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wānī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*wēne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old English</lang>
                      <orth>ġewēne</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wānī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                    <orth>*anawānī</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old High German</lang>
                      <orth>anawāni</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                      <orth>anawāni</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vænn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>vænur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>vænn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>væn, ven, vén’e</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>vän</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>vænn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Danish</lang>
                    <orth>væn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>ven</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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