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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wīną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wīną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wina" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wīną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwiː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᛁᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">neuter</gram>
            <gram type="stem">a-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>wine</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Borrowed, as one of the earliest loanwords in Germanic, from Latin vīnum.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>wīną</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>wīnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>wīną</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>wīnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>wīnas, wīnis</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>wīnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>wīnai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>wīnamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>wīnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>wīnamiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>wīną</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>wīnō</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wijn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>wien</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wijn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>wijn</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>wyn</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Berbice Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>win</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>wien, win</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Saramaccan</lang>
                          <orth>wín</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wijn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>wijn</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Sranan Tongo</lang>
                          <orth>win</orth>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Caribbean Javanese</lang>
                            <orth>win</orth>
                          </form>
                          <form type="descendant">
                            <lang>Lokono</lang>
                            <orth>wing</orth>
                          </form>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>wyn, win, wine, wyne, wijn, vine, vyn, vyne, wyen, weyn, wynne</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>wine</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>wyne</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Wien</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>wyn</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>wīn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>Wii, Wi, Wy, wi, wii, wéin</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>Wein</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Weng</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Luxembourgish</lang>
                        <orth>Wäin</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>Wei, Weng, Win</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Vilamovian</lang>
                        <orth>wajn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>ווײַן (vayn)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>wīn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Wein</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Estonian</lang>
                          <orth>vein</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wîn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Latvian</lang>
                        <orth>vīns</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>Wien</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>wīn</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>wîn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Wien</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>German Low German</lang>
                          <orth>Wien</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                    <orth>*viina</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>vín</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Faroese</lang>
                      <orth>vín</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                      <orth>vín</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                      <orth>vin</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>vín</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                      <orth>vin</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Russenorsk</lang>
                        <orth>vin, vina</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>vín</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                      <orth>win</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Danish</lang>
                        <orth>vin</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Greenlandic</lang>
                          <orth>viinni</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Norse</lang>
                  <orth>?</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                    <orth>vín</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>vīn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>vin</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Finnish</lang>
                          <orth>viini</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽 (wein)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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