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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" version="4.12.0">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wīpaną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wīpaną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wipana" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīpaną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wīpaną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwiː.pɑ.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᛁᛈᚨᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Strong class 1</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to wind, wrap</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European *wéyb-eti.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wīpō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wīpaų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wīpai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wīpizi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wīpaiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wīp</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wīpazai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wīpaizau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wīpidi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wīpai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wīpadau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wīpadai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wīpaidau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wīpōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>wīpaiw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wīpadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wīpaidiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>wīpadiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wīpamaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wīpaim</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wīpandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wīpaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wīpid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wīpaid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wīpid</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wīpandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wīpaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wīpandi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wīpain</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wīpandau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wīpandai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wīpaindau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>waip</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>wipį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>waift</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>wipīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>waip</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>wipī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>wipū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>wipīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>wipudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>wipīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wipum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>wipīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wipud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>wipīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wipun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>wipīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>wīpandz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>wipanaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>wīpaną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīpan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*wīpan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>wîpen</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>wijpen, wiepen</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīpan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old French</lang>
                    <orth>guiper</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle French</lang>
                      <orth>guiper</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Middle French</lang>
                        <orth>ghippure</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>French</lang>
                          <orth>guipure</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīpan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*wīfan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>wīfen</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*wīpan</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>*wīfan</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Old High German</lang>
                      <orth>*biwīfan</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Old High German</lang>
                        <orth>biwifan</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Gothic</lang>
                  <orth>𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍀𐌰𐌽 (weipan)</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-Finnic</lang>
                  <orth>*viip'at'ak</orth>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
