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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *wōþuz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_wōþuz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_cel-x-proto_watus" xml:lang="cel-x-proto" type="cognate">
          <orth>*wātus</orth>
          <def>poetic insipiration</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_weh2t" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*weh₂t-</orth>
          <def>to be excited</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_vates" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>vātēs</orth>
          <def>seer, soothsayer, poet, oracle</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_wothuz" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wōþuz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>wōþuz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈwɔː.θuz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚹᛟᚦᚢᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">masculine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>furor poeticus (poetic madness)</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_weh2t"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_weh2t">*weh₂t-</ref></mentioned> (‘to be excited’). Cognate with Proto-Celtic <mentioned xml:lang="cel-x-proto" target="#cog_cel-x-proto_watus"><ref target="#cog_cel-x-proto_watus">*wātus</ref></mentioned> (‘poetic insipiration’), related to Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_vates"><ref target="#cog_lat_vates">vātēs</ref></mentioned> (‘seer, soothsayer, poet, oracle’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>wōþuz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>wōþiwiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>wōþų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>wōþunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>wōþauz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>wōþiwǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>wōþiwi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>wōþumaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>wōþū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>wōþumiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>wōþu</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>wōþiwiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*wuot</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>woet</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>woede</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>woede</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*wuodi</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>woet</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>woede</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>woede</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>óðr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>óður</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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