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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *þehsulǭ</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-02"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_þehsulǭ</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_teks" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*teḱs-</orth>
          <def>weaponry</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_telum" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>tēlum</orth>
          <def>throwing axe, weapon, spear</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_thehsulo" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þehsulǭ">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>þehsulǭ</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈθex.su.lɔ̃ː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚦᛖᚺᛊᚢᛚᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ōn-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>axe</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *þehs- (‘to hew; hackle’), from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_teks"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_teks">*teḱs-</ref></mentioned> (‘weaponry’). Cognate with Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_telum"><ref target="#cog_lat_telum">tēlum</ref></mentioned> (‘throwing axe, weapon, spear’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>þehsulǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>þehsulōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>þehsulōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>þehsulōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>þehsulōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>þehsulōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>þehsulōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>þehsulōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>þehsulōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>þehsulōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>þehsulǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>þehsulōniz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þehsulā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*thehsal</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>dessel, dissel, diessel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>dissel</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>dissel</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þehsulā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>*þeoxle</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>thyxyl, thyxylle, thixil, tyxhyl</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þehsulā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*thioxel, *thiuxel</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>Tjuksel</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>tsjoksel</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þehsulā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>dehsala, dehsila</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>dëhsel, dihsel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Dechsel</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Danish</lang>
                          <orth>diksel</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þehsulā</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>*thehsala</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>desle, dessele, dessel, dēssel, deissel</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>þexla</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>þexla</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Bokmål</lang>
                    <orth>teksel</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian Nynorsk</lang>
                    <orth>teksla</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>tängsla, täxla</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>þexla</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>þæxla</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>tenxle, tængsel, tengsel, tingsel</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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