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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *þinhslō</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_þinhslō</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_e_x4" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*tengʰs</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>e</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_lat_temo" xml:lang="lat" type="cognate">
          <orth>tēmō</orth>
          <def>pole, yoke-beam</def>
        </item>
        <item xml:id="cog_prg_teansis" xml:lang="prg" type="cognate">
          <orth>teansis</orth>
          <def>drawbar</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_thinhslo" type="noun" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þinhslō">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>þinhslō</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈθĩːx.slɔː</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚦᛁᚾᚺᛊᛚᛟ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>noun</pos>
            <gram type="gender">feminine</gram>
            <gram type="stem">ō-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>a drawbar, cartpole, or thill</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">Uncertain. Seemingly from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_e_x4"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_e_x4">*tengʰs</ref></mentioned> (e)leh₂, derived from the root *tengʰ- (‘to pull, stretch, tensen’); Kroonen however is skeptical. In any case, compare Latin <mentioned xml:lang="lat" target="#cog_lat_temo"><ref target="#cog_lat_temo">tēmō</ref></mentioned> (‘pole, yoke-beam’) and Old Prussian <mentioned xml:lang="prg" target="#cog_prg_teansis"><ref target="#cog_prg_teansis">teansis</ref></mentioned> (‘drawbar’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom">
              <orth>þinhslō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom">
              <orth>þinhslôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc">
              <orth>þinhslǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc">
              <orth>þinhslōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen">
              <orth>þinhslōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen">
              <orth>þinhslǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat">
              <orth>þinhslōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat">
              <orth>þinhslōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr">
              <orth>þinhslō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr">
              <orth>þinhslōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #voc">
              <orth>þinhslō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #voc">
              <orth>þinhslôz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þį̄hslu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>þīxl, þīsl</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þį̄hslu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*thīhsala</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>diesele, dissel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>dissel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>West Flemish</lang>
                        <orth>dijsel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þį̄hslu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>*thīxl, *thixl</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>tiksel</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þį̄hslu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>dīhsala, dīhsila</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>dīhsele, dīhsel, dīsle</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>Deichsel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þį̄hslu</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>thīsla, thīhsla, thīhsala, thessalia, thesla</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>dîhsele, dîsle, dîsel, dîstel, dîssel</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>Dießel</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                        <orth>Diesel</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>þísl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>þísl</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>þísl</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>þistl</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>tistel</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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