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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *þrabōną</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_þrabōną</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_ine-x-proto_trep" xml:lang="ine-x-proto" type="etymon">
          <orth>*trep-</orth>
          <def>to scamper, trip, trample, tremble, step</def>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_thrabona" type="verb" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrabōną">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>þrabōną</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈθrɑ.βɔː.nɑ̃</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚦᚱᚨᛒᛟᚾᚨ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>verb</pos>
            <gram type="class">Weak class 2</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>to trot, trample</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="2">
            <def>to press, drive, urge, compel</def>
          </sense>
          <sense n="3">
            <def>to quarrel, flite</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From *þrebaną, from Proto-Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine-x-proto" target="#cog_ine-x-proto_trep"><ref target="#cog_ine-x-proto_trep">*trep-</ref></mentioned> (‘to scamper, trip, trample, tremble, step’).</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>þrabō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #sg">
              <orth>þrabǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōsi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #sg">
              <orth>þrabō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōsai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōsau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>þrabō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>þrabōs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #du">
              <orth>þrabōw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>þrabōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>þrabōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #du">
              <orth>þrabōþiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p1 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p1 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p2 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōþ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p2 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #imper #act #p3 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #ind #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pres #subj #pass #p3 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōnþau</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōdǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōdēdį̄</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōdēz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōdēdīz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōdē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #sg">
              <orth>þrabōdēdī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #du">
              <orth>þrabōdēdū</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #du">
              <orth>þrabōdēdīw</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #du">
              <orth>þrabōdēdudiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #du">
              <orth>þrabōdēdīdiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p1 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōdēdum</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p1 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōdēdīm</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p2 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōdēdud</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p2 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōdēdīd</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #ind #p3 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōdēdun</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#past #subj #p3 #pl">
              <orth>þrabōdēdīn</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="present">
              <orth>þrabōndz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="participle" subtype="past">
              <orth>þrabōdaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="infinitive">
              <orth>þrabōną</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old English</lang>
                  <orth>þrafian</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle English</lang>
                    <orth>thraven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>English</lang>
                      <orth>thrave</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                  <orth>thravia</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>troawje, droawje</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>trowia, trouwia, drave</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>thrabōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>drāven, trāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                      <orth>tråvå</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German Low German</lang>
                      <orth>draven</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>thrabōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>drāven, trāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>trava</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>travla</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>thravōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>drāven, trāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                      <orth>tråvå</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German Low German</lang>
                      <orth>draven</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                  <orth>thravōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                    <orth>drāven, trāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>trava</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Swedish</lang>
                        <orth>travla</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*thravōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>drāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                      <orth>drave</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*thravōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>drāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>draven, drabben</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>draf</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*dravon</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>drāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                      <orth>drave</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                  <orth>*dravon</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>drāven</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>draven, drabben</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                        <orth>draf</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old High German</lang>
                  <orth>*drabōn</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                    <orth>draben, traben</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>German</lang>
                      <orth>traben</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
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