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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title type="main">Wurdahuzdą: Proto-Germanic dictionary — *þunnuz</title>
        <author>Scott K. Shay</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Wardja Press</publisher>
        <date when="2026-10-01"/>
        <idno type="URL">https://protogermanic.org/pgmc_þunnuz</idno>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>Single-entry extract from the dictionary. Cross-references to other entries point to their identifiers in the full dictionary.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <list type="cognates">
        <item xml:id="cog_san_tanu" xml:lang="san" type="cognate">
          <orth>तनु</orth>
          <form type="translit">
            <orth>tanú</orth>
          </form>
        </item>
      </list>
      <div type="dictionary">
        <entry xml:id="pgmc_thunnuz" type="adj" corresp="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þunnuz">
          <form type="lemma">
            <orth>þunnuz</orth>
            <pron notation="ipa">ˈθun.nuz</pron>
            <form type="runic">
              <orth>ᚦᚢᚾᚢᛉ</orth>
            </form>
          </form>
          <gramGrp>
            <pos>adj</pos>
            <gram type="stem">u-stem</gram>
          </gramGrp>
          <sense n="1">
            <def>thin</def>
          </sense>
          <etym>
            <seg type="p">From earlier *þunwuz, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥h₂wús, variant of *ténh₂us (‘thin’). Cognate with Sanskrit <mentioned xml:lang="san" target="#cog_san_tanu"><ref target="#cog_san_tanu">तनु</ref></mentioned> (tanú), Latin tenuis.</seg>
          </etym>
          <re type="paradigm">
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnuz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnī</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnų, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijôz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijanǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnų, -jatō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijanz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijas, þunnīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaizōz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijas, þunnīs</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaizǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaizōi</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijammai</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaimaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaizō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijanō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #strong">
              <orth>þunnijaimiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijǭ</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnijaniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #nom #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnijanų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōnų</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnijô</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnijanunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōnunz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #acc #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōnō</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnīniz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōnǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #gen #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnijanǫ̂</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnīni</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōmaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #dat #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnijammaz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#sg #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnīnē</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #masc #weak">
              <orth>þunnijammiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #fem #weak">
              <orth>þunnijōmiz</orth>
            </form>
            <form type="inflected" ana="#pl #instr #neut #weak">
              <orth>þunnijammiz</orth>
            </form>
          </re>
          <re type="descendants">
            <list>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þunnī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*thunni</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>dunne</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Limburgish</lang>
                        <orth>dön</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>West Flemish</lang>
                        <orth>thinne</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þunnī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Dutch</lang>
                    <orth>*thunni</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Dutch</lang>
                      <orth>dunne</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Dutch</lang>
                        <orth>dun</orth>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Afrikaans</lang>
                          <orth>dun</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Aukan</lang>
                          <orth>deni, doin</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Berbice Creole Dutch</lang>
                          <orth>doni</orth>
                        </form>
                        <form type="descendant">
                          <lang>Negerhollands</lang>
                          <orth>dun, din</orth>
                        </form>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þunnī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old English</lang>
                    <orth>þynne, þinne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle English</lang>
                      <orth>thinne, thin, thunne, thenne, þinne, þynne, thynne, thyn</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>English</lang>
                        <orth>thin</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Scots</lang>
                        <orth>thin</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þunnī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Frisian</lang>
                    <orth>thenne</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Saterland Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>tään</orth>
                    </form>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>West Frisian</lang>
                      <orth>tin</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þunnī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old High German</lang>
                    <orth>dunni</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle High German</lang>
                      <orth>dünne</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Alemannic German</lang>
                        <orth>tünn, dünn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Bavarian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Central Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Central German</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>East Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>?</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German</lang>
                        <orth>dünn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Rhine Franconian</lang>
                        <orth>denn, dinn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Yiddish</lang>
                        <orth>דין (din)</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Proto-West Germanic</lang>
                  <orth>*þunnī</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Saxon</lang>
                    <orth>thunni</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Middle Low German</lang>
                      <orth>dünne</orth>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>German Low German</lang>
                        <orth>dünn</orth>
                      </form>
                      <form type="descendant">
                        <lang>Plautdietsch</lang>
                        <orth>denn</orth>
                      </form>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>þunnr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Elfdalian</lang>
                    <orth>tunn</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Faroese</lang>
                    <orth>tunnur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Gutnish</lang>
                    <orth>tunnar</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Icelandic</lang>
                    <orth>þunnur</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Norwegian</lang>
                    <orth>?</orth>
                  </form>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Scanian</lang>
                    <orth>tynðer</orth>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>þunnr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Danish</lang>
                    <orth>thun</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Danish</lang>
                      <orth>tynd</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
              <item>
                <form type="descendant">
                  <lang>Old Norse</lang>
                  <orth>þunnr</orth>
                  <form type="descendant">
                    <lang>Old Swedish</lang>
                    <orth>þunder</orth>
                    <form type="descendant">
                      <lang>Swedish</lang>
                      <orth>tunn</orth>
                    </form>
                  </form>
                </form>
              </item>
            </list>
          </re>
        </entry>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
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