References

Works cited in the dictionary's etymologies (391 sources), in LSA style, alphabetical by the first author's surname.

Starting at J. Start from the beginning

M

Meiser, Gerhard. 1986. Lautgeschichte der umbrischen Sprache. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck.

Melchert, H. Craig. 1986. Hittite uwaš and congeners. Indogermanische Forschungen 91, 102–15.

Melchert, H. Craig. 2014. PIE -eh2 as an “individualizing” suffix and the feminine gender. Studies on the collective and feminine in Indo-European from a diachronic and typological perspective, ed. by Sergio Neri and Roland Schuhmann, 257–71. Brill.

Meyer, Robin. 2023. Iranian Syntax in Classical Armenian. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mezger, Fritz. 1946. Some Indo-European formatives. Word 2(3), 229–40.

Mezger, Fritz. 1959. German, aiþa- „Eid, Eideshelfereid“ : got. aiþei „Mutter“. Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen 76.85–86.

Mihaylova, Bilyana. 2020. L’expression de l’amour dans les langues indo-européennes anciennes. Indo-European Linguistics and Classical Philology 24, 9–23.

Milanova, Veronika. 2020. Kinship and Affinity in Indo-European: Universal, Inherited, Contact, and Area Specific Features of Indo-European Kinship Terms (with a Special Focus on the Iranian Branch). Vienna: dissertation.

Miller, D. Gary. 2006. Latin suffixal derivatives in English: And their Indo-European ancestry. Oxford University Press.

Miller, Katherine L. 2014. The Semantic Field of Slavery in Old English: Wealh, Esne, Þræl. Leeds: The University of Leeds.

Monier-Williams, Monier. 1899. A Sanskrit–English dictionary: Etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages. Oxford University Press.

Mottausch, Karl-Heinz. 2001. Gotisch -(u)h und ein vergessenes Lautgesetz. North-Western European Language Evolution 38.37–47.

Mottausch, Karl-Heinz. 2011. Der Nominalakzent im Frühurgermanischen: Konstanten und Neuerungen. Hamburg: Kovač.

Must, Gustav. 1961. The Origin of the German Word Ehre ‘Honor‘. PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 76.326–29. Online: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0030812900078469/type/journal_article. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/460614

N

Neckel, Gustav. 1914. Edda: Die Lieder des Codex Regius nebst verwandten Denkmälern. Heidelberg: Winter.

Nedoma, Robert. 2004. Personennamen in südgermanischen Runeninschriften: Studien zur altgermanischen Namenkunde I,1,1. Universitätsverlag Winter: Heidelberg.

Nedoma, Robert. 2018. Germanic personal names before AD 1000 and their elements referring to birds of prey: With an emphasis upon the runic inscription in the eastern Swedish Vallentuna-Rickeby burial. Raptor and Human: Falconry and Bird Symbolism throughout the Millennia on a Global Scale, vol. 4, 1583–602.

Neri, Sergio. 2003. I sostantivi in -u del gotico: morfologia e preistoria. Innsbruck: Univ. Innsbruck, Inst. für Sprachen und Literaturen.

Neri, Sergio. 2007. Cadere e abbattere in indoeuropeo: Sull’etimologia di tedesco fallen, latino aboleō e greco ἀπόλλυμι. Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck.

Neri, Sergio. 2009. Rezensionsaufsatz: Ringe, Don, A linguistic history of English. Volume I: From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic. Kratylos 54(1), 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29091/KRATYLOS/2009/1/1

Neri, Sergio. 2016. Germanische Etymologie: Besprechung von Kroonen 2013. Kratylos 61, 1–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29091/KRATYLOS/2016/1/1

Neri, Sergio. 2017. Wetter: Etymologie und Lautgesetz. 2nd revised and expanded edn. Perugia: Università degli Studi di Perugia.

Ngomo Fernández, Esteban. 2025. Estudio lingüístico del antropónimo hispano-céltico Ambatus. Myrtia 40, 117–29.

Nielsen, Rasmus T. 2023. Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate. Doctoral dissertation.

Norbruis, Stefan. 2021. Indo-European origins of Anatolian morphology and semantics: Innovations and archaisms in Hittite, Luwian and Lycian. Amsterdam: LOT.

Nuti, Andrea. 2023. Per l’etimologia e la storia dei bagaudi. Atti del Sodalizio Glottologico Milanese 16 n.s., 97–116.

O

Obrador-Cursach, Bartomeu. 2020. The Phrygian Language. Handbook of Oriental Studies 139. Leiden & Boston: Brill.

Obrador-Cursach, Bartomeu. 2021. The closing formula of the Old Phrygian epitaph B-07 in the light of the Aramaic KAI 318: A case of textual convergence in Daskyleion. Anatolian Studies 71, 47–58.

Olander, Thomas. 2023. Linguistic Phylogenetics and Words for Metals in Indo‑European. The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited, ed. by Kristian Kristiansen, Guus Kroonen, and Eske Willerslev, 93–104. Cambridge University Press. Online: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781009261753%23CN-bp-7/type/book_part. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009261753.011

Olsen, Birgit A. 1988. The Proto-Indo-European Instrument Noun Suffix and its Variants. Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser 55. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab.

Olsen, Birgit Anette. 1999. The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage. Berlin New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Olsen, Birgit Anette. 2020. Kin, clan and community in Proto-Indo-European society. Kin, clan and community in Indo-European society, ed. by Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead and Janus Bahs Jacquet, 39–180. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press.

Onions, Charles T. (ed.) 1996. The Oxford dictionary of English etymology. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.

Orel, Vladimir. 2003. A Handbook of Germanic Etymology. Brill.

Orkisz, Jan H. 2016. Pole-weapons in the Sagas of Icelanders: A comparison of literary and archaeological sources. Acta Periodica Duellatorum 4, 177–212.

Osthoff, Hermann. 1910. Zur Entlabialisierung der Labiovelare im Keltischen. Indogermanische Forschungen 27.161–93.

Ozoliņš, Kaspars. 2015. Revisiting Proto-Indo-European Schwebeablaut. Unpublished dissertation.

P

Page, R. I. 1999. The Icelandic rune-poem. London: Viking Soc. for Northern Research [u.a.].

Palmér, Axel I. 2025. Indo-Slavic lexical isoglosses and the prehistoric dispersal of Indo-Iranian. Leiden: Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004731851

Parkhaeva, Maria Pavlovna. 2024. Aegilops in botanical treatises of Theophrastus. Litera 7.231–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.7.71304

Peled, Ilan. 2025. Black and White: A Tale of Two Gates in the Hittite Ritual of Tunnawi for Curing Genital Disorders. KASKAL n.s. 2, 27–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30687/KASKAL/2036-5845/2025/01/007

Pentangelo, Joseph. 2021. Phonesthetics and the etymologies of blood and bone. English Language and Linguistics 25.225–55.

Peterson, Lena. 2004. Lexikon över urnordiska personnamn. Uppsala: Institutet för språk och folkminnen.

Peterson, Lena. 2007. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon. 5th revised edition. Uppsala: Institutet för språk och folkminnen.

Petit, Daniel. 2010a. Untersuchungen zu den baltischen Sprachen. Leiden, Boston: Brill.

Petit, Daniel. 2010b. Suffix transfer in Baltic. Baltistica 45(2), 173–84.

Philippa, Marlies; Frans Debrabandere; Arend Quak; Tanneke Schoonheim; and Nicoline Sijs. 2003. Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands. Amsterdam University Press.

Pimenova, Natalia B. 2022. Die gotischen Adjektive andanemeigs–andanems ‘empfangend–angenehm’, audags–audahafts ‘glücklich’ und ihre althochdeutschen semantischen Parallelen. Indoevropejskoe âzykoznanie i klassičeskaâ filologiâ 26(2), 952–68.

Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2019a. One century of heteroclitic inflection. Hrozný and Hittite: The First Hundred Years, ed. by Ronald I. Kim, Jana Mynářová, and Peter Pavúk, 295–316. Leiden: Brill.

Pinault, Georges-Jean. 2019b. Hittite ḫaššu- ‘king’ and the Indo-Iranian ásura-Problem. QAZZU warrai. Anatolian and Indo-European Studies in Honor of Kazuhiko Yoshida, 292–302.