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*-aną
suffix · forms verbs · /ɑ.nɑ̃/
forms infinitive of strong verbs
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*-aną
suffix · forms verbs · /ɑ.nɑ̃/
forms infinitive of preterite-present verbs
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*-āną
suffix · forms verbs · Weak class 3 · /ɑː.nɑ̃/
forms chiefly stative or fientive verbs meaning ‘to be’ or ‘to become’ what is denoted by an adjective or noun
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*-anaz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · a-stem · /ɑ.nɑz/
forms the past participle of strong verbs
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*-(a)nē
suffix · forms adverbs · /ɑ.nɛː/
forms adverbs with ablative direction
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*-ārijaz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · ja-stem · /ɑː.ri.jɑz/
forms agent nouns and occupational nouns: ‘one associated with X’, ‘one who works with X’, ‘one who does X’
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*-assuz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · u-stem · /ɑs.suz/
forms abstract nouns
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*-atją
suffix · forms nouns · neuter · ja-stem · /ɑt.jɑ̃/
forms neuter action nouns from verbs in *-atjaną, denoting the act, process, practice, or result of the verbal action;…
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*-atjaną
suffix · forms verbs · Weak class 1 · /ɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/
forms weak class I verbs from nouns and adjectives, with meanings such as ‘make X’, ‘become X’, ‘act as X’, or ‘treat…
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*-az
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · a-stem · /ɑz/
a-stem noun suffix
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*-az
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · a-stem · /ɑz/
agent suffix
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*-az
suffix · forms nouns · neuter · z-stem · /ɑz/
forms the direct stem of neuter z-stem nouns
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*-az
suffix · forms adjectives · a-stem · /ɑz/
forms primary deverbal adjectives, particularly active, agentive, or resultative adjectives
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*-dōmaz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · a-stem · /ðɔː.mɑz/
forms nouns denoting the condition or state of the suffixed word
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*-drê
suffix · forms adverbs · /ðrɛːː/
forms allative place adverbs indicating motion toward a deictic or interrogative goal, as in ‘hither’, ‘thither’, and…
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*-dūþiz
suffix · forms nouns · feminine · i-stem · /duː.θiz/
forms abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives, and other nouns
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*-ē
suffix · forms adverbs · /ɛː/
forms adverbs of manner from adjectives, like English “-ly”
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*-falþaz
suffix · forms adjectives · a-stem · /ɸɑl.θɑz/
-fold; suffix denoting multiplication, or consisting of so many parts.
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*-gaz
suffix · forms adjectives · a-stem · /ɣɑz/
forms adjectives from nouns and verbs with a sense of 'being, having, or doing'.
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*-gin
particle · /ɣin/
forms indefinite and negative-polarity adverbs and pronouns, with the sense ‘ever, at all, any, some-’
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*-hun
particle · /xun/
forms indefinite and negative-polarity pronouns, numerals, and adverbs, with the sense ‘any, anyone, anything, ever, at…
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*-hw
particle · /xʷ/
joins words, phrases, and clauses
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*-į̄
suffix · forms nouns · feminine · īn-stem · /ĩː/
forms feminine abstract nouns from adjectives, denoting ‘the condition, degree, quality, or state of being X’;…
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*-ilaz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · a-stem · /i.lɑz/
forms instrument nouns such as tools
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*-ilaz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · a-stem · /i.lɑz/
forms diminutives and hypocoristics, especially nouns denoting small, young, or affectionate versions of the base