*ahsō

Runic: ᚨᚺᛊᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈɑx.sɔː/

noun · feminine · ō-stem

Meanings

axle; the shaft or axis on which wheels turn

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *h₂éḱs-eh₂, a feminine *-eh₂-stem built from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱs- (Kroonen 2013: 6). Compare Sanskrit अक्ष (akṣá-), Ancient Greek ἄξων (áxōn), Latin axis, Lithuanian ašìs, and Old Church Slavonic ось (osĭ) (Lubotsky 2023: 257; Mallory & Adams 1997: 39–40). Related to l-derivative *ahslō; van Sluis et al. (2023: 231) argue that Latin āla and axilla show the same wider inherited formation, so the ‘axle’ meaning itself is archaic.

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.ahsōahsôz
Acc.ahsǭahsōz
Gen.ahsōzahsǫ̂
Dat.ahsōiahsōmaz
Inst.ahsōahsōmiz
Voc.ahsōahsôz

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Descendants

  • *ahsu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • eax (Old English)
  • *ahsu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *assa (Old Dutch)
      • asse (Middle Dutch)
        • as (Dutch)
          • as (Afrikaans)
  • *ahsu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *ax (Old Frisian)
      • as (West Frisian)
  • *ahsu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ahsa (Old High German)
      • ahse (Middle High German)
        • Uechs (Alemannic German)
        • Achs (Luxembourgish)
  • *ahsu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ahsa (Old High German)
      • ahse (Middle High German)
        • Achse (German)
          • akse (Norwegian Bokmål)
  • *ahsu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ahsa (Old Saxon)
      • asse (Middle Low German)

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