*ankijǭ

Runic: ᚨᚾᚲᛁᛃᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈɑŋ.ki.jɔ̃ː/

noun · feminine · ōn-stem

Meanings

a joint or articulated part of the body, especially the ankle or heel; probably also the nape of the neck

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-yéh₂, from *h₂eng- (Kroonen 2013: 29, s.v. *ankjōn-) with the -i- from Siever's Law due to the heavy root. The weak ōn-stem inflection is probably secondary within Germanic, where jōn-stems formed a subtype of the productive feminine ōn-stems and inherited feminine vowel stems were readily transferred to this declension (Fulk 2018: 171–72). Particularly close is Vedic Sanskrit अङ्ग (áṅga); related formations include Sanskrit अङ्गुरि (aṅgúri) and Latin angulus, while Ancient Greek ἀγκών (ankṓn) belongs to the closely related *h₂enk- root (Beekes 2010: 12–13, s.v. ἀγκύλος; de Vaan 2008: 42–43; Kroonen 2013: 28–29, s.vv. *angan-, *ankjōn-; Kümmel 2016: 223; Rix et al. 2001: 268) . The exact preform is not entirely secure: *h₂eng- may represent a voiced variant beside *h₂enk-, and Kümmel (2016: 223) suggests that the Germanic *ank- forms may continue an inherited root variant represented directly by Vedic अङ्ग (áṅga) rather than simply belonging to the *h₂enk- group.

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.ankijǭankijōniz
Acc.ankijōnųankijōnunz
Gen.ankijōnizankijōnǫ̂
Dat.ankijōniankijōmaz
Inst.ankijōnēankijōmiz
Voc.ankijǭankijōniz

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Descendants

  • *ankijā (Proto-West Germanic)
    • anka, anca, enka, enca (Old High German)
      • ἄντζα (ántza) (Byzantine Greek)
  • *ankijā (Proto-West Germanic)
    • anka, anca, enka, enca (Old High German)
      • anke (Middle High German)
        • Anke (German)
        • Halsanke (Swabian)
  • ekkja (Old Norse)
    • ekkja (Icelandic)

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