*barjaną

Runic: ᛒᚨᚱᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbɑr.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to beat, strike

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European o-grade ye-present *bʰorH-ye/o-, from root *bʰerH- (‘to pierce, strike’). Cognate with Latin ferīre (‘to beat, strike’), Proto-Slavic *borniti (‘to defend’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	barjō	barjaų	–
2nd singular	barisi	barjais	bari
3rd singular	bariþi	barjai	barjaþau
1st dual	barjōs	barjaiw	–
2nd dual	barjaþiz	barjaiþiz	barjaþiz
1st plural	barjamaz	barjaim	–
2nd plural	bariþ	barjaiþ	bariþ
3rd plural	barjanþi	barjain	barjanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	barjai	–
2nd singular	barjasai	barjaisau
3rd singular	barjaþai	barjaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	barjanþai	barjainþau
2nd plural	barjanþai	barjainþau
3rd plural	barjanþai	barjainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	baridǭ	baridēdį̄
2nd singular	baridēz	baridēdīz
3rd singular	baridē	baridēdī
1st dual	baridēdū	baridēdīw
2nd dual	baridēdudiz	baridēdīdiz
1st plural	baridēdum	baridēdīm
2nd plural	baridēdud	baridēdīd
3rd plural	baridēdun	baridēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
barjaną	barjandz	baridaz

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Descendants

*barjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- ber (Old Frisian)
*barjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- berian, ġebered (Old English)
  - berien, beryen (Middle English)
    - berry (English)
    - berrie, berry, barrie (Scots)
*barjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- berjan, perjan, berien, *berren (Old High German)
  - berjen, berren, beren, bern (Middle High German)
    - beren (German)
berja (Old Norse)
- berja (Faroese)
- berja (Icelandic)
- berja, berje (Norwegian)
berja (Old Norse)
- bærie (Old Danish)
  - bærje (Danish)
berja (Old Norse)
- bæria (Old Swedish)
  - bärja (Swedish)

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