*birhtijaną

Runic: ᛒᛁᚱᚺᛏᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbirx.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to brighten, shine, make clear

Etymology

From *berhtaz (‘bright’, shining’) + *-(i)janą(causative suffix forming Weak class 1 verbs).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	birhtijō	birhtijaų	–
2nd singular	birhtīsi	birhtijais	birhtī
3rd singular	birhtīþi	birhtijai	birhtijaþau
1st dual	birhtijōs	birhtijaiw	–
2nd dual	birhtijaþiz	birhtijaiþiz	birhtijaþiz
1st plural	birhtijamaz	birhtijaim	–
2nd plural	birhtīþ	birhtijaiþ	birhtīþ
3rd plural	birhtijanþi	birhtijain	birhtijanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	birhtijai	–
2nd singular	birhtijasai	birhtijaisau
3rd singular	birhtijaþai	birhtijaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	birhtijanþai	birhtijainþau
2nd plural	birhtijanþai	birhtijainþau
3rd plural	birhtijanþai	birhtijainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	birhtidǭ	birhtidēdį̄
2nd singular	birhtidēz	birhtidēdīz
3rd singular	birhtidē	birhtidēdī
1st dual	birhtidēdū	birhtidēdīw
2nd dual	birhtidēdudiz	birhtidēdīdiz
1st plural	birhtidēdum	birhtidēdīm
2nd plural	birhtidēdud	birhtidēdīd
3rd plural	birhtidēdun	birhtidēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
birhtijaną	birhtijandz	birhtidaz

Descendants

*birhtijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- birhtan, brihtan, bierhtan, bryhtan, beorhtan (Old English)
  - brihten, briʒten, brighten, bryghten (Middle English)
    - brighten (English)
birta (Old Norse)
- birta (Faroese)
- birta (Icelandic)
- byrta (Norwegian)
- birta (Old Danish)
- *birta (Swedish)
𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bairhtjan) (Gothic)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary