*brunnô

Runic: ᛒᚱᚢᚾᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈbrun.nɔːː/

noun · masculine · an-stem

Meanings

source; wellspring; fountain

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₁w-r̥/*bʰr̥h₁w-én- (‘a bubbling forth; a fountain, wellspring, source’), from metathesis of the laryngeal in root *bʰrewh₁- (‘to boil, brew’) + *-r̥ (r/n-stem suffix, strong form), and a zero-grade form + * én- (weak form); the Proto-Germanic forms evolved from the latter. Ultimately from root *bʰer- (‘to boil’). The original heteroclitic r/n-stem was remodeled as an an-stem in Proto-Germanic (and later remodeled again in Old Norse as an a-stem). The process would have looked something like this: *bʰr̥h₁w-én- > *burwén- > *bruwén >brunen > brunnen (for an in-depth discussion, see (Klimp 2013)).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.brunnôbrunnaniz
Acc.brunnanųbrunnanunz
Gen.brunninizbrunnanǫ̂
Dat.brunninibrunnammaz
Inst.brunninēbrunnammiz
Voc.brunnôbrunnaniz

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Descendants

  • *brunnō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • brunno (Old Dutch)
      • borne (Middle Dutch)
        • bron (Dutch)
          • bron (Afrikaans)
  • *brunnō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • burna (Old English)
      • burne, bourne (Middle English)
        • bourn, burn (English)
        • burn (Scots)
  • *brunnō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • burna (Old Frisian)
      • bearne, boarne (West Frisian)
  • *brunnō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • brunno (Old High German)
      • brunne (Middle High German)
        • Brunnen, Bronnen, Brunne, Bronne, Brunn (German)
        • Brunne (Rhine Franconian)
        • ברונעם (brunem), ברונע (brune), ברונען (brunen) (Yiddish)
  • *brunnō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • brunno, borno (Old Saxon)
      • borne, born (Middle Low German)
        • Born (German)
        • Born (Low German)
  • brunnr, bruðr (Old Norse)
    • brunnur, bruður (Faroese)
    • brunnur (Icelandic)
    • brunn (Norwegian Nynorsk)
    • brønn (Scanian)
    • broonie, brin (Scots)
  • brunnr, bruðr (Old Norse)
    • brønd (Danish)
      • brønn (Norwegian Bokmål)
        • brønn (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • brunnr, bruðr (Old Norse)
    • brunder, brynder (Old Swedish)
      • brunn (Swedish)
  • 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰 (brunna) (Gothic)
  • brunna (Crimean Gothic)

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