*būwijaną
Runic: ᛒᚢᚹᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbuː.wi.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
- to settle, to inhabit
- to build
Etymology
From *būaną (‘to dwell, reside’) + *-(i)janą (forms denominative and factitive Weak class 1 verbs). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European ye-present *bʰuH-yé/ó- root *bʰuH- (‘to be, become, grow, appear’). The North Proto-Germanic reflexes must have come from a variant with geminate -ww- since they are obviously the result of Holtmann’s Law. Related to *būwāną (‘to settle, inhabit; build’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | būwijō | būwijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | būwīsi | būwijais | būwī |
| 3rd singular | būwīþi | būwijai | būwijaþau |
| 1st dual | būwijōs | būwijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | būwijaþiz | būwijaiþiz | būwijaþiz |
| 1st plural | būwijamaz | būwijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | būwīþ | būwijaiþ | būwīþ |
| 3rd plural | būwijanþi | būwijain | būwijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | būwijai | – |
| 2nd singular | būwijasai | būwijaisau |
| 3rd singular | būwijaþai | būwijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | būwijanþai | būwijainþau |
| 2nd plural | būwijanþai | būwijainþau |
| 3rd plural | būwijanþai | būwijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | būwidǭ | būwidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | būwidēz | būwidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | būwidē | būwidēdī |
| 1st dual | būwidēdū | būwidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | būwidēdudiz | būwidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | būwidēdum | būwidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | būwidēdud | būwidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | būwidēdun | būwidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| būwijaną | būwijandz | būwidaz |
Descendants
-
*būwijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bȳan (Old English)
-
*būwijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
būwa, bōwa (Old Frisian)
- bouwje (West Frisian)
-
būwa, bōwa (Old Frisian)
-
byggja, byggva (Old Norse)
- bygge (Danish)
- byddja (Elfdalian)
- big (English)
- byggja (Faroese)
- byggja (Icelandic)
- bygge (Norwegian Bokmål)
- byggja, byggje, byge (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- big (Scots)
- bygga (Swedish)