*elmaz

Runic: ᛖᛚᛗᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈel.mɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

  1. elm tree
  2. wood from an elm tree

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (‘mountain elm’). (Kroonen 2013) regards the variant *ulmaz as evidence of an ablauting paradigm, most likely *elm ~ *ulmaz from an amphikinetic m-stem, *h₁él-m̥ ~ *h₁l̥-m-ós. Cognates are Russian: ильм (ilʹm, ‘elm, wych elm’), Old Irish lem (‘elm tree’), and Latin ulmus (‘elm’).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.elmazelmōz, elmōs
Acc.elmąelmanz
Gen.elmas, ilmiselmǫ̂
Dat.elmaielmamaz
Inst.elmōelmamiz
Voc.elmelmōz, elmōs

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Descendants

  • *alm, *elm, *olm, *ulm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *olm, alma, alme-, elme-, helme- (Old Dutch)
      • olm, *alm, olme (Middle Dutch)
        • olm, alm (Dutch)
  • *alm, *elm, *olm, *ulm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • elm, *ulm (Old English)
      • elm, alme, elme, helm, ulme (Middle English)
        • elm (English)
        • elm (Scots)
  • *alm, *elm, *olm, *ulm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ulm (Old High German)
      • ulme (Middle High German)
        • Ulme (German)
  • *alm, *elm, *olm, *ulm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • elm, alm (Old Saxon)
      • elme, elm, olm (Middle Low German)
        • Elm, Ölm, Ilm, Ülm (Low German)
  • almr (Old Norse)
    • álmur (Faroese)
    • álmur (Icelandic)
    • alm (Norwegian Bokmål)
    • alm, æłm, ålm’e, åm’e (Norwegian Nynorsk)
    • alm (Swedish)
  • almr (Old Norse)
    • elmi (Old Norse)
      • elm (Danish)
      • älme (Swedish)

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