*fallaną

Runic: ᚠᚨᛚᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɸɑl.lɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 7c

Meanings

to fall

Etymology

(Neri 2007) explains this and several cognates as a proposed compound of Proto-Indo-European *h2epo (‘off, away’) + root *h3elh1- (‘to fall, to collapse; to destroy/be destroyed’), with a nasal infix in Proto-Germanic: PIE *h2p-h3elh1-né- > pre-Germanic *polné- (via Osthoff’s Law) > Early Proto-Germanic *falle/o- (via Kluge’s Law) (Kroonen 2013). Compare Latin aboleō (‘to destroy, efface, terminate’), Ancient Greek ἀπόλλῡμι (apóllūmi) (apóllūmi, ‘to completely destroy; to kill; to slay’), and Lithuanian pùlti (‘to fall’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	fallō	fallaų	–
2nd singular	fallizi	fallaiz	fall
3rd singular	fallidi	fallai	falladau
1st dual	fallōz	fallaiw	–
2nd dual	falladiz	fallaidiz	falladiz
1st plural	fallamaz	fallaim	–
2nd plural	fallid	fallaid	fallid
3rd plural	fallandi	fallain	fallandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	fallai	–
2nd singular	fallazai	fallaizau
3rd singular	falladai	fallaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	fallandai	fallaindau
2nd plural	fallandai	fallaindau
3rd plural	fallandai	fallaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	fefall	fefallį̄
2nd singular	fefallt	fefallīz
3rd singular	fefall	fefallī
1st dual	fefallū	fefallīw
2nd dual	fefalludiz	fefallīdiz
1st plural	fefallum	fefallīm
2nd plural	fefallud	fefallīd
3rd plural	fefallun	fefallīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
fallaną	fallandz	fallanaz

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Descendants

*fallan (Proto-West Germanic)
- fallan (Old Dutch)
  - vallen (Middle Dutch)
    - vallen (Dutch)
    - valle (Limburgish)
*fallan (Proto-West Germanic)
- feallan (Old English)
  - fallen (Middle English)
    - fall (English)
    - fall, faw (Scots)
*fallan (Proto-West Germanic)
- falla (Old Frisian)
  - faale (Saterland Frisian)
  - falle (West Frisian)
*fallan (Proto-West Germanic)
- fallan (Old High German)
  - vallen (Middle High German)
    - foin (Bavarian)
    - fallen (German)
    - פֿאַלן (faln) (Yiddish)
*fallan (Proto-West Germanic)
- fallan (Old Saxon)
  - vallen (Middle Low German)
    - fallen (Low German)
falla (Old Norse)
- folla (Elfdalian)
- falla (Faroese)
- falle (Gutnish)
- falla (Icelandic)
- falle (Norwegian Bokmål)
- falla, falle (Norwegian Nynorsk)
falla (Old Norse)
- fallæ (Old Danish)
  - falde (Danish)
falla (Old Norse)
- falla (Old Swedish)
  - falla (Swedish)

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