*haglaz

Runic: ᚺᚨᚷᛚᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈxɑɣ.lɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

hail (the precipitation)
name of the rune ᚺ,ᚻ (h)

Etymology

Unknown. Traditionally compared to Ancient Greek κόχλαξ (kókhlax) (kókhlax), κάχληξ (kákhlēx, ‘pebble(s), small stone(s), gravel (in a riverbed)’) which would point to Proto-Indo-European *kagʰl- (‘pebble’). Beekes instead asserts that the Greek is of substrate origin, on the basis of its irregular variation and the infix -ακ- (-ak-). Alternatively, *haglaz may be:

Attested as haal in the Codex Vindobonensis, despite all of the other names preserving -z, so in Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌲𐌻 was the name of 𐌷 (compare daaz for dags)

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	haglaz	haglōz, haglōs
Acc.	haglą	haglanz
Gen.	haglas, haglis	haglǫ̂
Dat.	haglai	haglamaz
Inst.	haglō	haglamiz
Voc.	hagl	haglōz, haglōs

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Descendants

*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- heil (Old Frisian)
*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- ? (North Frisian)
  - Hail (Saterland Frisian)
  - Hail (Sylt)
  - heil (West Frisian)
*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hagal (Old Dutch)
  - hagel (Middle Dutch)
    - hagel, haachel (Limburgish)
*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hagal (Old Dutch)
  - hagel (Middle Dutch)
    - hagel (Dutch)
      - hael (Afrikaans)
      - hagli (Berbice Creole Dutch)
      - hagel (Negerhollands)
      - hagel (Papiamentu)
*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hagal (Old Dutch)
  - hagel (Middle Dutch)
    - hagel (Dutch)
      - agra (Sranan Tongo)
        
        agrah (Caribbean Javanese)
        
        hága, ága (Saramaccan)
*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- hæġl, hæġel, hagal, hagol (Old English)
  - hayle, hail, hayl, haile, haiel, ail, hale, haul, hawle, hawel, hagol, haȝel, haȝol, hahȝel, haghil (Middle English)
    - hail (English)
    - hail (Scots)
*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- hagal (Old High German)
  - hagel (Middle High German)
    - Hagel (German)
    - Hol (Luxembourgish)
    - האָגל (hogl) (Yiddish)
*hagl (Proto-West Germanic)
- hagal (Old Saxon)
  - hagel (Middle Low German)
    - Hagel (German Low German)
    - Hoagel (Plautdietsch)
haglaz (English)

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