*haitaną

Runic: ᚺᚨᛁᛏᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxɑi̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 7a

Meanings

to address, call, summon
to name
to be called
to promise

Etymology

Traditionally derived, per Pokorny, from a Proto-Indo-European *key-d-, a dental extension of a root Proto-Indo-European *key- (‘to move, to impel’), and compared with Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō) (kinéō, ‘to set in motion, to arouse’), Latin cieō (‘to set in motion, to summon’), Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate) (cyavate, ‘to come forth, to fall down’), Albanian qoj (‘to wake up’). The original notion was, under this theory, something like "to summon", i.e. "to order someone to come" (cf. the parallel usage of English cite (‘to summon (someone)’), from the cognate Latin root).

The above theory is implicitly rejected by modern scholars (and the root listed above deprecated, with its descendants being split into various unrelated roots), including Kroonen, who instead tentatively derives the verb from a Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyd- (‘to call’), and adduces cognates in Iranian (Proto-Iranian *sayd-), including Sogdian [script needed] (sēδ-, ‘to call’) and Ossetian сидын (sidyn), седун (sedun, ‘idem’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	haitō	haitaų	–
2nd singular	haitizi	haitaiz	hait
3rd singular	haitidi	haitai	haitadau
1st dual	haitōz	haitaiw	–
2nd dual	haitadiz	haitaidiz	haitadiz
1st plural	haitamaz	haitaim	–
2nd plural	haitid	haitaid	haitid
3rd plural	haitandi	haitain	haitandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	haitai	–
2nd singular	haitazai	haitaizau
3rd singular	haitadai	haitaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	haitandai	haitaindau
2nd plural	haitandai	haitaindau
3rd plural	haitandai	haitaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	hehait	hehaitį̄
2nd singular	hehaist	hehaitīz
3rd singular	hehait	hehaitī
1st dual	hehaitū	hehaitīw
2nd dual	hehaitudiz	hehaitīdiz
1st plural	hehaitum	hehaitīm
2nd plural	hehaitud	hehaitīd
3rd plural	hehaitun	hehaitīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
haitaną	haitandz	haitanaz

Find a form

Descendants

*haitan (Proto-West Germanic)
- hētan (Old Dutch)
  - hêten (Middle Dutch)
    - heite (Limburgish)
*haitan (Proto-West Germanic)
- hētan (Old Dutch)
  - hêten (Middle Dutch)
    - heten (Dutch)
      - heet (Afrikaans)
      - hiet (Negerhollands)
*haitan (Proto-West Germanic)
- hātan (Old English)
  - hoten, hoaten, haten (Middle English)
    - hight (English)
    - hate, hait (Scots)
*haitan (Proto-West Germanic)
- hēta (Old Frisian)
  - hete (Saterland Frisian)
  - hjitte (West Frisian)
*haitan (Proto-West Germanic)
- heiȥan, heiȥȥan (Old High German)
  - heiȥen (Middle High German)
    - hoazn (Bavarian)
    - heißen (German)
    - heeschen (Luxembourgish)
    - הייסן (heysn) (Yiddish)
*haitan (Proto-West Germanic)
- hētan (Old Saxon)
  - hêten, hêiten (Middle Low German)
    - heiten, heten (German Low German)
*haitan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *haitō (Vulgar Latin)
  - *subhaitō (Vulgar Latin)
    - sohaidier (Old French)
      - souhaiter (Middle French)
        
        souhaiter (French)
ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite) (Proto-Norse)
- heita (Old Norse)
  - eita, heita (Faroese)
  - heita (Icelandic)
  - heita (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - haita (Old Gutnish)
ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite) (Proto-Norse)
- heita (Old Norse)
  - hetæ (Old Danish)
    - hedde, hede (Danish)
      - hete (Norwegian Bokmål)
ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite) (Proto-Norse)
- heita (Old Norse)
  - hēta (Old Swedish)
    - heta (Swedish)
ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
- heita (Old Norse)
  - eita, heita (Faroese)
  - heita (Icelandic)
  - heita (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - haita (Old Gutnish)
ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
- heita (Old Norse)
  - hetæ (Old Danish)
    - hedde, hede (Danish)
      - hete (Norwegian Bokmål)
ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
- heita (Old Norse)
  - hēta (Old Swedish)
    - heta (Swedish)
𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (haitan) (Gothic)

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