*hamjaną

Runic: ᚺᚨᛗᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxɑm.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

To press; pinch
To obstruct; restrict; restrain; hinder; hamper
To hem in; enclose

Etymology

According to Kroonen, probably related to *hamô (‘rod, shaft’). Orel prefers to take the word as a verbal formation from *hammō (‘shinbone; ham’), though this is semantically more tenuous than Kroonen's theory.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	hamjō	hamjaų	–
2nd singular	hamisi	hamjais	hami
3rd singular	hamiþi	hamjai	hamjaþau
1st dual	hamjōs	hamjaiw	–
2nd dual	hamjaþiz	hamjaiþiz	hamjaþiz
1st plural	hamjamaz	hamjaim	–
2nd plural	hamiþ	hamjaiþ	hamiþ
3rd plural	hamjanþi	hamjain	hamjanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	hamjai	–
2nd singular	hamjasai	hamjaisau
3rd singular	hamjaþai	hamjaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	hamjanþai	hamjainþau
2nd plural	hamjanþai	hamjainþau
3rd plural	hamjanþai	hamjainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	hamidǭ	hamidēdį̄
2nd singular	hamidēz	hamidēdīz
3rd singular	hamidē	hamidēdī
1st dual	hamidēdū	hamidēdīw
2nd dual	hamidēdudiz	hamidēdīdiz
1st plural	hamidēdum	hamidēdīm
2nd plural	hamidēdud	hamidēdīd
3rd plural	hamidēdun	hamidēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
hamjaną	hamjandz	hamidaz

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Descendants

*hammjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hemmen, chamian (Old Dutch)
- hemma (Old Frisian)
*hammjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hemman (Old English)
  - hemmen (Middle English)
    - hem (English)
    - hem (Scots)
*hammjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hemmen, gihemmen (Old High German)
  - hemmen (Middle High German)
    - hemmen (German)
    - hamować (Polish)
*hammjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hemmian (Old Saxon)
  - hemmen (Middle Low German)
    - hemmen (German Low German)
hemja (Old Norse)
- hæmme (Danish)
- hemja (Icelandic)
- hemme (Norwegian)
- hämma (Swedish)

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