*hrīmô

Runic: ᚺᚱᛁᛗᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈxriː.mɔːː/

noun · masculine · an-stem

Meanings

frost, hoarfrost, rime
soot

Etymology

According to Kroonen, the nominative stem originally had a root-final -f, which was lost before the m of the mn-stem endings. This in turn stems from an older root-final -p. In the oblique stems, however, the m was lost instead, making the resulting -pn- cluster vulnerable to Kluge's law, which transformed it into a geminate -pp-. This geminate was then shortened due to a heavy long-vowel syllable preceding it.

Pokorny derived this from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (‘to streak; graze; touch’). Kroonen instead reconstructs a root *kreyp-.

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	hrīmô	hrīmaniz
Acc.	hrīmanų	hrīpunz
Gen.	hrīpaz	hrīpǫ̂
Dat.	hrīmini	hrīmummaz
Inst.	hrīpē	hrīmummiz
Voc.	hrīmô	hrīmaniz

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Descendants

*hrīm (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hrīm (Old Frisian)
*hrīm (Proto-West Germanic)
- *rīm (Old Dutch)
  - rijm (Middle Dutch)
    - rijm (Dutch)
*hrīm (Proto-West Germanic)
- hrīm (Old English)
  - rime, ryme (Middle English)
    - rime (English)
    - ryme, rime (Scots)
*hrīm (Proto-West Germanic)
- frime, frimas (Old French)
  - frimas (Middle French)
    - frimas (French)
*hrīm (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hrīm, *rīm (Old High German)
  - rīm (Middle High German)
    - Reim, Rein (Bavarian)
    - rīmelen, rīmeln (Middle High German)
hrím (Old Norse)
- rim (Danish)
- rím (Faroese)
- hrím (Icelandic)
- rim (Norwegian)
- rim (Swedish)
*hrīpō (Proto-West Germanic)
- *rīpo (Old Dutch)
  - ripe (Middle Dutch)
    - rijp (Dutch)
      - ryp (Afrikaans)
*hrīpō (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hrīpa (Old Frisian)
  - Riep (Saterland Frisian)
*hrīpō (Proto-West Germanic)
- rīfo (Old High German)
  - rīfe, rīf (Middle High German)
    - Reif (German)
*hrīpō (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hrīpo (Old Saxon)
  - rîpe, rîp, rîfe (Middle Low German)
*riip- (Proto-Finnic)
- *riittädäk (Proto-Finnic)
  - riittää (Finnish)

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