*seukaną
Runic: ᛊᛖᚢᚲᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈseu̯.kɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 2
Meanings
to be sick
Etymology
Uncertain. Assuming that Proto-Germanic *seuk- is back-formed from the zero-grade in *sukkōną (‘to be ill’), Kroonen reconstructs a pre-Germanic *sk-néh₂- and compares Latin sēgnis (‘lazy, slow’), Ancient Greek ἦκα (êka) (êka, ‘quietly, slowly’), and Old Irish socht (‘silence’), but a precise Proto-Indo-European root for these words is lacking (Kroonen prefers *sek- over *sewk-).
Pokorny suggests Proto-Indo-European *sewg-, *sēwg- (‘ill, grievous, sad’), also adding Old Armenian հիւծանիմ (hiwcanim, ‘to waste away, wither’), but Kroonen rejects comparisons with the Armenian word.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | seukō | seukaų | – |
| 2nd singular | siukizi | seukaiz | seuk |
| 3rd singular | siukidi | seukai | seukadau |
| 1st dual | seukōz | seukaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | seukadiz | seukaidiz | seukadiz |
| 1st plural | seukamaz | seukaim | – |
| 2nd plural | siukid | seukaid | siukid |
| 3rd plural | seukandi | seukain | seukandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | seukai | – |
| 2nd singular | seukazai | seukaizau |
| 3rd singular | seukadai | seukaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | seukandai | seukaindau |
| 2nd plural | seukandai | seukaindau |
| 3rd plural | seukandai | seukaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | sauk | sukį̄ |
| 2nd singular | sauht | sukīz |
| 3rd singular | sauk | sukī |
| 1st dual | sukū | sukīw |
| 2nd dual | sukudiz | sukīdiz |
| 1st plural | sukum | sukīm |
| 2nd plural | sukud | sukīd |
| 3rd plural | sukun | sukīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| seukaną | seukandz | sukanaz |
Descendants
- 𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (siukan) (Gothic)