*sternǭ

Runic: ᛊᛏᛖᚱᚾᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈster.nɔ̃ː/

noun · feminine · ōn-stem

Meanings

star

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr (‘star’). According to Kroonen, the word became an n-stem in Germanic, Pre-Germanic *h₂stérōn, Gen. *h₂sternés, which gave rise to two stems, *ster- and *sterr-, the latter through Kluge's law. The forms showing *stern- have reintroduced the -n- from the cases where it had not been assimilated.

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	sternǭ	sternōniz
Acc.	sternōnų	sternōnunz
Gen.	sternōniz	sternōnǫ̂
Dat.	sternōni	sternōmaz
Inst.	sternōnē	sternōmiz
Voc.	sternǭ	sternōniz

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Descendants

*sternō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterno, sterro (Old Dutch)
  - sterre, sterne (Middle Dutch)
    - Schtar, sjtar (Limburgish)
    - sterre (West Flemish)
*sternō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterno, sterro (Old Dutch)
  - sterre, sterne (Middle Dutch)
    - ster (Dutch)
      - ster (Afrikaans)
      - seter (Indonesian)
      - ster (Negerhollands)
*sternō (Proto-West Germanic)
- steorra, stearra, stiorra, styrra, sterra (Old English)
  - sterre, star, starre, ster, sterrie, sturre, steorre, stoerre, steorra, storre (Middle English)
    - star (English)
    - ster (Scots)
    - starr, steor (Yola)
*sternō (Proto-West Germanic)
- stēra (Old Frisian)
  - steer (North Frisian)
  - stjer (West Frisian)
*sternō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterno, sterro, stern (Old High German)
  - stërne, stërre, stërn (Middle High German)
    - Stern (Alemannic German)
    - Stean (Bavarian)
    - Stään, Stär, Stären, Stern (Central Franconian)
    - Stern (German)
    - śtaom (Vilamovian)
    - שטערן (shtern) (Yiddish)
*sternō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterro (Old Saxon)
  - stērne, stērn (Middle Low German)
    - Steern (German Low German)
    - Stiern (Plautdietsch)
    - Stiern (Saterland Frisian)
*sterrō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterno, sterro (Old Dutch)
  - sterre, sterne (Middle Dutch)
    - Schtar, sjtar (Limburgish)
    - sterre (West Flemish)
*sterrō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterno, sterro (Old Dutch)
  - sterre, sterne (Middle Dutch)
    - ster (Dutch)
      - ster (Afrikaans)
      - seter (Indonesian)
      - ster (Negerhollands)
*sterrō (Proto-West Germanic)
- steorra, stearra, stiorra, styrra, sterra (Old English)
  - sterre, star, starre, ster, sterrie, sturre, steorre, stoerre, steorra, storre (Middle English)
    - star (English)
    - ster (Scots)
    - starr, steor (Yola)
*sterrō (Proto-West Germanic)
- stēra (Old Frisian)
  - steer (North Frisian)
  - stjer (West Frisian)
*sterrō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterno, sterro, stern (Old High German)
  - stërne, stërre, stërn (Middle High German)
    - Stern (Alemannic German)
    - Stean (Bavarian)
    - Stään, Stär, Stären, Stern (Central Franconian)
    - Stern (German)
    - śtaom (Vilamovian)
    - שטערן (shtern) (Yiddish)
*sterrō (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterro (Old Saxon)
  - stērne, stērn (Middle Low German)
    - Steern (German Low German)
    - Stiern (Plautdietsch)
    - Stiern (Saterland Frisian)
stjarna (Old Norse)
- stienna (Elfdalian)
- stjørna (Faroese)
- stjännå, stjänne (Gutnish)
- stjarna (Icelandic)
- sterna (Norn)
- stjerne (Norwegian Bokmål)
- stjerne (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- stjærna (Scanian)
stjarna (Old Norse)
- sterne, stern, starne, starn, sterrne, steorrne (Middle English)
  - starn (English)
  - starn (Scots)
stjarna (Old Norse)
- stiærnæ (Old Danish)
  - stjerne (Danish)
stjarna (Old Norse)
- stiærna (Old Swedish)
  - stjärna (Swedish)

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