*swēraz

Runic: ᛊᚹᛖᚱᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈswɛː.rɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

heavy
grave, grievous, serious, important

Etymology

Vṛddhi gerundive of an otherwise unattested strong verb *sweraną, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (‘heavy’). Cognate with Lithuanian sver̃ti (‘to weigh, balance’), Latvian svars (‘weight’).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	swēraz	swērō	swērą, -atō	swērai	swērôz	swērō
Acc.	swēranǭ	swērǭ	swērą, -atō	swēranz	swērōz	swērō
Gen.	swēras, -is	swēraizōz	swēras, -is	swēraizǫ̂	swēraizǫ̂	swēraizǫ̂
Dat.	swērammai	swēraizōi	swērammai	swēraimaz	swēraimaz	swēraimaz
Inst.	swēranō	swēraizō	swēranō	swēraimiz	swēraimiz	swēraimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	swērô	swērǭ	swērô	swēraniz	swērōniz	swērōnō
Acc.	swēranų	swērōnų	swērô	swēranunz	swērōnunz	swērōnō
Gen.	swēriniz	swērōniz	swēriniz	swēranǫ̂	swērōnǫ̂	swēranǫ̂
Dat.	swērini	swērōni	swērini	swērammaz	swērōmaz	swērammaz
Inst.	swērinē	swērōnē	swērinē	swērammiz	swērōmiz	swērammiz

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Descendants

*swār (Proto-West Germanic)
- *swār (Old Dutch)
  - swâer (Middle Dutch)
    - zwaor (Limburgish)
    - zwaer (Zealandic)
*swār (Proto-West Germanic)
- *swār (Old Dutch)
  - swâer (Middle Dutch)
    - zwaar (Dutch)
      - swaar (Afrikaans)
      - swari (Berbice Creole Dutch)
      - swaar, swar (Negerhollands)
*swār (Proto-West Germanic)
- swǣr (Old English)
  - swere, swær, swar, sware, swer, suere (Middle English)
    - sweer, swear, sweir, swere (English)
    - sweir, sweer, swere (Scots)
*swār (Proto-West Germanic)
- swēr, swēre (Old Frisian)
  - swier (North Frisian)
  - sweer (Saterland Frisian)
  - swier (West Frisian)
*swār (Proto-West Germanic)
- swār (Old High German)
  - swær, swǣre, swār, swēre, swēr (Middle High German)
    - ? (Alemannic German)
    - schwar (Bavarian)
    - schwer (German)
    - schwéier (Luxembourgish)
    - świer (Vilamovian)
    - שווער (shver) (Yiddish)
*swār (Proto-West Germanic)
- swār, swāri (Old Saxon)
  - swâr (Middle Low German)
    - svar (Danish)
    - swar, swaar, swor, swer (German Low German)
svárr (Old Norse)
- svar, svær, schwer (Danish)
- svárur (Faroese)
- svár, sver, schwer (Icelandic)
- svær, schwer (Norwegian)
svárr (Old Norse)
- svār (Old Swedish)
  - svår (Swedish)
𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃 (swērs) (Gothic)

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