*sūliz

Runic: ᛊᚢᛚᛁᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈsuː.liz/

noun · feminine · i-stem

Meanings

beam, post
column, pillar

Etymology

From a pre-Germanic ablauting paradigm *sou-l- ~ *suH-l- (with full-grade retained in the Gothic descendant), apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *sweHl- (‘log, wedge, firewood’), which Kroonen considers of unclear further origin. Orel connects the Germanic with Ancient Greek ῡ̔́λη (hū́lē) (hū́lē, ‘wood’) and perhaps Latin solum (‘bottom’).

Older theories derived the term from Proto-Indo-European *ḱsewl-, *ḱswel- (‘log’), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱsew-, *ḱes- (‘to scratch, comb’), with Ancient Greek ξῠ́λον (xŭ́lon) (xŭ́lon, ‘wood’) often compared. Beekes supports this comparison, but considers the words to be borrowed from a common substrate, rather than inherited from Proto-Indo-European. Note also Proto-Germanic *sulī (‘balk, bar, sill’).

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	sūliz	sūlīz
Acc.	sūlį	sūlinz
Gen.	sūlīz	sūlijǫ̂
Dat.	sūlī	sūlimaz
Inst.	sūlī	sūlimiz
Voc.	sūli	sūlīz

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Descendants

*sūli (Proto-West Germanic)
- sēle (Old Frisian)
*sūli (Proto-West Germanic)
- sūl (Old Dutch)
  - suul (Middle Dutch)
    - zuul (Limburgish)
*sūli (Proto-West Germanic)
- sūl (Old Dutch)
  - suul (Middle Dutch)
    - zuil (Dutch)
      - suil (West Frisian)
*sūli (Proto-West Germanic)
- sȳl (Old English)
  - syle (Middle English)
    - sile (English)
    - sile, syle, cyle (Scots)
*sūli (Proto-West Germanic)
- sūl (Old High German)
  - sūl (Middle High German)
    - Säule (German)
    - Sail (Luxembourgish)
    - זײַל (zayl) (Yiddish)
*sūli (Proto-West Germanic)
- sūl (Old Saxon)
  - sûl, sûle (Middle Low German)
    - Süül (German Low German)
súl (Old Norse)
- sule (Danish)
- súla (Faroese)
- súla (Icelandic)
- sul (Norwegian)
- sula, sul (Swedish)
súla (Old Norse)
- sule (Danish)
- súla (Faroese)
- súla (Icelandic)
- sul (Norwegian)
- sula, sul (Swedish)
𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐍃 (sauls) (Gothic)

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