*trudaną

Runic: ᛏᚱᚢᛞᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈtru.ðɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 4

Meanings

to tread, to step on

Etymology

Probably originally a root aorist, present singular *tred-, non-singular *trud-, from a possible Pre-Germanic *dret-, which could theoretically be an extension of Proto-Indo-European *dr- (‘to run’), compare *drem- (‘to run, sleep’) and *dreh₂- (‘to run’) (the latter whence Sanskrit द्रा (drā) (drā, ‘to run, make haste’)). Akin to Proto-Slavic *dьrtěti (‘to degrade, to age’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	trudō	trudaų	–
2nd singular	trudizi	trudaiz	trud
3rd singular	trudidi	trudai	trudadau
1st dual	trudōz	trudaiw	–
2nd dual	trudadiz	trudaidiz	trudadiz
1st plural	trudamaz	trudaim	–
2nd plural	trudid	trudaid	trudid
3rd plural	trudandi	trudain	trudandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	trudai	–
2nd singular	trudazai	trudaizau
3rd singular	trudadai	trudaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	trudandai	trudaindau
2nd plural	trudandai	trudaindau
3rd plural	trudandai	trudaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	trad	trēdį̄
2nd singular	trast	trēdīz
3rd singular	trad	trēdī
1st dual	trēdū	trēdīw
2nd dual	trēdudiz	trēdīdiz
1st plural	trēdum	trēdīm
2nd plural	trēdud	trēdīd
3rd plural	trēdun	trēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
trudaną	trudandz	trudanaz

Find a form

Descendants

*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- trottō, trotō (Medieval Latin)
  - trottare (Italian)
  - trotar (Occitan)
  - trotar (Portuguese)
  - trotar (Spanish)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- trottō, trotō (Medieval Latin)
  - trotter, troter (Old French)
    - trot (English)
    - trotter (French)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- tredan (Old Dutch)
  - trēden (Middle Dutch)
    - traeje (Limburgish)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- tredan (Old Dutch)
  - trēden (Middle Dutch)
    - treden (Dutch)
      - tree (Afrikaans)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- tredan (Old English)
  - treden (Middle English)
    - tread (English)
    - trad, tred (Scots)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- treda (Old Frisian)
  - treede (Saterland Frisian)
  - trêdzje (West Frisian)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- trëtan (Old High German)
  - trëten (Middle High German)
    - tredde, träde, treade (Central Franconian)
      - tretn (Bavarian)
      - trede (Hunsrik)
      - trieden (Luxembourgish)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- trëtan (Old High German)
  - trëten (Middle High German)
    - treten (German)
      - Trotte (German)
*tredan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *tredan (Old Saxon)
  - trēden (Middle Low German)
    - træde (Danish)
    - træða, treða (Faroese)
    - treden (Low German)
    - träda (Swedish)
troða (Old Norse)
- troðå (Elfdalian)
- troða (Faroese)
- troða (Icelandic)
- trå, trø (Norwegian Nynorsk)
troða (Old Norse)
- trå, tråde, træde (Danish)
  - trå (Norwegian Bokmål)
troða (Old Norse)
- troþa, trudha (Old Swedish)
  - tråda, trå, träda (Swedish)
truða (Old Norse)
- troðå (Elfdalian)
- troða (Faroese)
- troða (Icelandic)
- trå, trø (Norwegian Nynorsk)
truða (Old Norse)
- trå, tråde, træde (Danish)
  - trå (Norwegian Bokmål)
truða (Old Norse)
- troþa, trudha (Old Swedish)
  - tråda, trå, träda (Swedish)
𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (trudan) (Gothic)

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