*wilþijaz

Runic: ᚹᛁᛚᚦᛁᛃᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈwil.θi.jɑz/

adjective · ja-stem

Meanings

wild

Etymology

According to Kroonen, from Proto-Indo-European *welt-yo-s (‘wild, savage’) (though Matasovic reconstructs the root as *gʷʰel-t-), and cognate with Proto-Celtic *gʷeltis (‘wild; mad’) (Welsh gwyllt (‘wild’), Irish gealt (‘lunatic’)). Kroonen additionally suggests that the root is related to Proto-Germanic *walþuz (‘forest’), perhaps via a Proto-Indo-European *wel-, *welw- (‘hair, wool, grass, ear (of corn), forest’).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	wilþijaz	wilþijō	wilþiją, -atō	wilþijai	wilþijôz	wilþijō
Acc.	wilþijanǭ	wilþijǭ	wilþiją, -atō	wilþijanz	wilþijōz	wilþijō
Gen.	wilþijas, -īs	wilþijaizōz	wilþijas, -īs	wilþijaizǫ̂	wilþijaizǫ̂	wilþijaizǫ̂
Dat.	wilþijammai	wilþijaizōi	wilþijammai	wilþijaimaz	wilþijaimaz	wilþijaimaz
Inst.	wilþijanō	wilþijaizō	wilþijanō	wilþijaimiz	wilþijaimiz	wilþijaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	wilþijô	wilþijǭ	wilþijô	wilþijaniz	wilþijōniz	wilþijōnō
Acc.	wilþijanų	wilþijōnų	wilþijô	wilþijanunz	wilþijōnunz	wilþijōnō
Gen.	wilþīniz	wilþijōniz	wilþīniz	wilþijanǫ̂	wilþijōnǫ̂	wilþijanǫ̂
Dat.	wilþīni	wilþijōni	wilþīni	wilþijammaz	wilþijōmaz	wilþijammaz
Inst.	wilþīnē	wilþijōnē	wilþīnē	wilþijammiz	wilþijōmiz	wilþijammiz

Find a form

Descendants

*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wildi (Old Dutch)
  - wilde, wilt (Middle Dutch)
    - wildj (Limburgish)
*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wildi (Old Dutch)
  - wilde, wilt (Middle Dutch)
    - wild (Dutch)
      - wild (Afrikaans)
      - weldri (Berbice Creole Dutch)
      - wäld (Jersey Dutch)
      - wild, weeld, welt, willit, wil (Negerhollands)
*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wilde (Old English)
  - wilde, wield, wielde, wild, wijlde, wylde, wyled, weilde, wyld, wyyld (Middle English)
    - wild (English)
*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wilde (Old English)
  - wilde, wield, wielde, wild, wijlde, wylde, wyled, weilde, wyld, wyyld (Middle English)
    - wild, wyld (Middle Scots)
      - wild, wile (Scots)
*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wilde (Old Frisian)
  - wíeld, wüüld (Saterland Frisian)
  - wyld (West Frisian)
*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wildi (Old High German)
  - wilde (Middle High German)
    - wüd, wuid, wüld (Bavarian)
    - weld, well (Central Franconian)
    - bill (Cimbrian)
    - wild (German)
    - wyłd (Vilamovian)
    - ווילד (vild) (Yiddish)
*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wildi (Old Saxon)
  - vild (Danish)
  - vild (Swedish)
*wilþī (Proto-West Germanic)
- wildi (Old Saxon)
  - wilde, wilt (Middle Low German)
    - wild (Low German)
    - wilt (Plautdietsch)
villr (Old Norse)
- vild (Danish)
- villur (Faroese)
- vildar, villar (Gutnish)
- villur (Icelandic)
- vill (Norn)
- vill (Norwegian)
- vilðer (Scanian)
villr (Old Norse)
- vilder (Old Swedish)
  - vild (Swedish)
villr (Old Norse)
- viller (Old Swedish)
  - villi (Finnish)
  - vill (Swedish)
𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (wilþeis) (Gothic)

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