*abraz
Runic: ᚨᛒᚱᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑβ.rɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
strong, severe, exceeding, immense, great, huge, terrible
Etymology
Probably from pre-Germanic *h₃op-r-ó-s, a thematic adjective derived from the r-member of the Proto-Indo-European heteroclitic *h₃óp-r̥ ~ *h₃ép-n- (Johnsen 2005b: 258–60; Rieken 1999: 315–18). Indo-European comparanda include Vedic Sanskrit अप्नस् (ápnas-), Hittite 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒈾 (ḫa-ap-pí-na- /ḫappina-/), and Latin opulentus, all belonging to the same PIE *h₃ep-/*h₃op- complex (Kloekhorst 2008: 295–97; Watkins 2011: s.v. op-).
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | abraz | abrō | abrą, -atō | abrai | abrôz | abrō |
| Acc. | abranǭ | abrǭ | abrą, -atō | abranz | abrōz | abrō |
| Gen. | abras, -is | abraizōz | abras, -is | abraizǫ̂ | abraizǫ̂ | abraizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | abrammai | abraizōi | abrammai | abraimaz | abraimaz | abraimaz |
| Inst. | abranō | abraizō | abranō | abraimiz | abraimiz | abraimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | abrô | abrǭ | abrô | abraniz | abrōniz | abrōnō |
| Acc. | abranų | abrōnų | abrô | abranunz | abrōnunz | abrōnō |
| Gen. | abriniz | abrōniz | abriniz | abranǫ̂ | abrōnǫ̂ | abranǫ̂ |
| Dat. | abrini | abrōni | abrini | abrammaz | abrōmaz | abrammaz |
| Inst. | abrinē | abrōnē | abrinē | abrammiz | abrōmiz | abrammiz |
Descendants
-
afar, æfr (Old Norse)
- afar (Icelandic)
- 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐍃 (abrs) (Gothic)