*afteraz
Runic: ᚨᚠᛏᛖᚱᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑɸ.te.rɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
back, posterior; situated behind or in the rear
Etymology
From pre-Germanic *áp-tero-s, an adjectival/comparative formation built to Proto-Indo-European *apó with the contrastive suffix *-tero- (Dunkel 2014:79: 79; Kroonen 2013:3: 3). For the base, compare Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó), Sanskrit अप (ápa), Avestan 𐬀𐬞𐬀 (apa), Latin ab, and Hittite 𒀀𒀊𒉺 (a-ap-pa /āppa/), while the *-tero-derivative is paralleled by Sanskrit अपतरम् (apatarám) and Ancient Greek ἀπωτέρω (apōtérō) (Dunkel 2014: 79; Kroonen 2013: 3).
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | afteraz | afterō | afterą, -atō | afterai | afterôz | afterō |
| Acc. | afteranǭ | afterǭ | afterą, -atō | afteranz | afterōz | afterō |
| Gen. | afteras, -is | afteraizōz | afteras, -is | afteraizǫ̂ | afteraizǫ̂ | afteraizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | afterammai | afteraizōi | afterammai | afteraimaz | afteraimaz | afteraimaz |
| Inst. | afteranō | afteraizō | afteranō | afteraimiz | afteraimiz | afteraimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | afterô | afterǭ | afterô | afteraniz | afterōniz | afterōnō |
| Acc. | afteranų | afterōnų | afterô | afteranunz | afterōnunz | afterōnō |
| Gen. | afteriniz | afterōniz | afteriniz | afteranǫ̂ | afterōnǫ̂ | afteranǫ̂ |
| Dat. | afterini | afterōni | afterini | afterammaz | afterōmaz | afterammaz |
| Inst. | afterinē | afterōnē | afterinē | afterammiz | afterōmiz | afterammiz |
Descendants
-
aftaro (Old High German)
- after (Middle High German)